【摘要】 生物成因煤层气的生成与演化受到多种地质因素的影响，目前对于煤变质过程中生物产气及微生物代谢的影响机制尚缺乏深入研究。为此，选取采自山西省大同市东周窑井田和太原市西山井田马兰矿2个矿区6个不同变质程度的煤样，通过全岩黏土矿物分析、生物产气模拟、主成分分析（PCA）、气相色谱—质谱联用（GC-MS）、宏基因及代谢组学等技术手段，系统研究了煤变质过程中生物产气潜力和影响微生物代谢的机制。研究结果表明：(1)随着变质程度的增加，煤中总有机碳含量和挥发分含量显著降低，而灰分和黏土矿物含量则增加，黏土矿物类型由高岭土逐渐向伊利石及伊/蒙混层转变；(2)相应地，两种高变质程度煤样产气量分别降至1.13 mL/g和1.07mL/g，较低变质程度煤样产气量下降超过50%；(3) PCA分析结果显示，变质作用通过有机质和矿物组分变化影响生物产气潜力，灰分和黏土矿物含量的增加，限制了有机质的生物可利用性；(4)尽管高变质程度煤中富集了Petrimonas和Pseudomonas等电活性菌，但由于水解及产酸菌（如Proteobacteria和Synergistota）丰度偏低，甲烷生成仍受到抑制。结论认为：(1)不同变质程度煤在生物降解过程中具有显著代谢差异，差异代谢物如5-Aminolevulinic acid、Dihydroisophorol和4-Hydroxy-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone均以酸类代谢为主；(2)研究成果揭示了煤变质过程对生物产气潜力的多维影响机制，能够为生物成因煤层气资源评价与开发利用提供理论基础与技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The generation and evolution of biogenic coalbed methane (CBM) are influenced by various geological factors;however,the mechanisms by which coal metamorphism impacts the biogenic gas production and microbial metabolism remain insufficiently studied.Two groups of coal samples with six degrees of metamorphism were selected from the Dongzhouyao field in Datong and the Malan coal mine of Xishan field in Taiyuan,Shanxi Province,and a comprehensive analysis was conducted using whole-rock clay analysis,biogenic gas production simulation,principal component analysis (PCA),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS),metagenomics,and metabolomics to investigate the effects of coal metamorphism on biogentic gas production potential and microbial metabolism mechanism.The following results are obtained.First,with increasing degree of metamorphism,the total organic carbon and volatile matter contents in coal significantly decrease,while the ash and clay mineral contents increase.The clay mineral types gradually transit from kaolinite to illite and illite/smectite mixed layers.Second,the gas productions of coal samples with high degree of metamorphism decrease to 1.13 mL/g and 1.07 mL/g,respectively,representing a reduction of over 50% compared to coal samples with low degree of metamorphism.Third,the PCA results indicate that metamorphism affects the gas production potential by altering organic matter and mineral compositions,and the increased contents of ash and clay minerals limit the bioavailability of organic matter.Fourth,although electroactive bacteria such as Petrimonas and Pseudomonas are enriched in highly metamorphosed coal,methane production remains inhibited due to the low abundance of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacteria (e.g.,Proteobacteria and Synergistota).The metabolomic analysis reveals significant metabolic differences during the biodegradation of coal samples with different degrees of metamorphism,with differential metabolites such as 5-aminolevulinic acid,dihydroisophorol,and 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridinyl)-1-butanone mainly involved in acidic metabolic pathways.This study elucidates the multidimensional impact mechanisms of coal metamorphism on biogentic gas production potential,offering theoretical foundations and technical support for the evaluation and development of biogenic CBM resources.更多还原