【摘要】 压缩机组是地下储气库（以下简称储气库）注气的关键设备之一，当前广泛采用往复式压缩机，在其运行过程中需注入润滑油进行冷却、润滑与密封。在储气库注气过程中为了去除随排气流出的润滑油，压缩机后端配置了除油器，但现有除油器除油性能不佳，导致排气含油率仍较高，直接影响了注入气井的天然气纯度，造成井筒油污堵塞，严重影响采气设备的正常运行。为此，基于陕224储气库压缩机运行数据与除油器运行效果，分析了除油器底部初分离腔体及上部滤芯中的两相流动特性，提出了3种初分离腔体的结构优化方法以及一种新型滤芯结构与安装形式，最后明确了底部腔体入口处增加内凹弧形挡板以及新型滤芯有较好的优化效果。研究结果表明：(1)除油器底部的初分离腔体筒体直径过小，且气流场分布不合理，腔体的初级分离效率低；(2)滤芯立式放置且长度过长，导致滤芯高度方向载荷不均匀，使得滤芯无法在高度方向完全发挥作用，且大量被分离的润滑油聚集在滤芯下部难以排出，可能引发液滴的卷吸与飞溅，严重影响了滤芯滤油效率；(3)对于所提出的3种初分离腔体优化结构与1种新型滤芯，综合分析认为底部腔体入口处增加内凹弧形挡板后流场具有较高的优越性且新型滤芯具有较好的优化效果。结论认为，对于现有储气库除油器，应增加初分离腔体筒体直径并增加挡板折流结构以提高初分离效率，同时应改进滤芯安装形式并降低滤芯高度以增强排液特性，这两项改进措施具备大幅提升除油器效率的潜力，该优化方案对压缩机润滑油回收和储气库高效运行具有重要的参考价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compressor unit is the key equipment in gas injection into underground gas storage(UGS). Reciprocating compressors are generally used, and they require a certain amount of lubricating oil to cool, lubricate and seal during operations. In order to remove the lubricating oil from the exhaust gas during gas injection, the rear end of the compressor is equipped with an oil separator. However, the existing oil separators are unsatisfactorily performed, leaving a higher-than-expected oil content in the exhaust gas, which directly affects the purity of the gas in the injectors, thereby resulting in oil blockage of the wellbore to seriously impede the normal operation of the gas production equipment. Based on the operation data of compressor at the Shaanxi 224 gas storage and the performance of the oil separator, this paper analyzes the two-phase flow behaviors of the primary separation chamber at the bottom of the oil separator and the filter element at the upper part of the oil separator, and presents three methods for structural optimization of primary separation chamber and a novel filter element and installation form. Finally, this paper demonstrates the good effects of optimization by adding a concave arc baffle at the entrance of the chamber and installing the novel filter element. The following results are obtained. First, the diameter of the primary separation chamber at the bottom of the oil separator is too small, and the distribution of the gas flow field is unreasonable, leading to low primary separation efficiency. Second, the filter element is vertically placed and too long, leading to non-uniform load along the filter height, so that the filter element cannot fully play its role in the height direction. Moreover, a large amount of separated lubricating oil is gathered in the lower part of the filter element and cannot be discharged, which may induce the liquid droplet enrolling and sputtering to seriously affect the efficiency of the filter element. Third, as to three structural optimization methods of the primary separation chamber and the novel filter element, the comprehensive analysis suggests that the addition of a concave arc baffle at the entrance of the chamber yields superior flow field, and the novel filter element achieves a good optimization effect. It is concluded that the existing oil separators used for UGSs should be equipped with primary separation chambers having larger diameters and be added with baffle structure to improve the primary separation efficiency. Moreover, the filter element installation form should be modified, and the filter element height be reduced to enhance the drainage properties, both hopefully to significantly increase the performance of oil separators. These optimizations are referential for recovery of lubricating oil from compressors and for efficient operations of UGSs.更多还原