【摘要】 为分析城市轨道交通网络应对不同攻击时的韧性特征，基于复杂网络和韧性理论，构建定量网络结构韧性评估模型。模型包括初始、攻击和恢复3个阶段，采用点度值、聚类系数、中心性以及随机排序4种不同的攻击和恢复模式，以网络密度、网络效率及网络连通率3个特征作为衡量城市轨道交通网络韧性的关键指标，通过空间向量计算网络结构韧性值。以北京市城市轨道交通为例，运用Space-L和Space-C模型构建线路网络与换乘网络，分析4种攻击和恢复模式下网络韧性指标变化情况。研究表明，线路网络规模大于换乘网络规模，但其网络密度和效率均极低。同时，2种网络在经受DA模式攻击下，网络各项指标下降最快；在ZR模式下，网络各项指标恢复最快；在ZADR模式下2个网络同时具有最高韧性水平，韧性值分别为0.212 44和0.522 09。建议北京市轨道交通应重点加强站点、线路之间的衔接性，对中心性和点度值较高的站点和线路进行保护，以提高整体网络的韧性水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to analyze the resilience characteristics of urban rail transit networks in response to different attacks, this paper constructs a quantitative network structure resilience assessment model based on complex networks and resilience theory. The model includes three stages: initial, attack and recovery. Four different attack and recovery modes are adopted, namely degree value, clustering coefficient, centrality and random sorting. With three characteristics including network density, network efficiency and network connectivity as the key indicators to measure the resilience of urban rail transit network, the resilience value of network structure is calculated through space vectors. Taking Beijing urban rail transit as an example, Space-L and Space-C models are used to construct the line network and transfer network as well as analyze the changes in network resilience indicators under four attack and recovery modes. Research indicates that the scale of the line network is significantly larger than that of the transfer network, but both the network density and efficiency are very low. Additionally, both types of networks experience the fastest decline in all network performance indicators when subjected to DA attacks. Under the ZR mode, the recovery of network performance indicators is the fastest. Under the ZADR mode, both networks exhibit the highest levels of resilience, with resilience values of 0. 212 44 and 0. 522 09, respectively. Research results indicate that Beijing’s rail transit system should focus on enhancing the connectivity between stations and lines. It is essential to protect stations and lines with high centrality and degree values to improve the overall resilience of the network.更多还原