【摘要】 单面白纸板作为酒盒等包装常用的基材，在温暖潮湿的地区储存过程中常出现霉变情况，为了研究温湿度对纸板霉变的影响，指导仓库存储环境控制，本文对导致纸质酒盒发生霉变的9种霉菌（即黑曲霉、匍枝根霉、极细枝孢、尖孢枝孢、草酸青霉、扩展青霉、绳状篮状菌、细疣篮状菌、链格孢）的生物学特性进行研究，探讨了温湿度对纸质酒盒用单面白纸板霉变进程、表面pH值及色差值的影响；研究了温度和pH对霉菌孢子萌发生长的影响；根据实验设计改变温湿度条件，观察了30 d内温湿度对纸板霉变的影响。结果表明：28℃为9种霉菌孢子萌发的最适温度，4℃和45℃对9种霉菌菌丝的生长都有抑制作用；极端pH条件不仅抑制菌丝生长扩展，而且阻止孢子的萌发。在不同相对湿度下，纸板霉变时间有明显区别，97%、84%、75%、69%相对湿度下纸板出现微观霉变的时间分别为1、10、25、30 d;58%、33%相对湿度下纸板未出现微观霉变。不同温度下纸板霉变时间接近，20、25、30、35℃条件下，纸板出现微观霉变的时间分别为24、18、18、24 h。总体上，湿度对纸板霉变的影响尤为严重，温度影响相对较小，在30℃、97%相对湿度条件下纸板的霉变最严重，在储存过程中应避免高湿度环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Single-sided white cardboard is commonly used as a base material for packaging such as wine boxes. In warm and humid regions, mold growth often occurs during storage. To study the effects of temperature and humidity on cardboard mold growth and guide warehouse storage environment control, this paper investigates the biological characteristics of nine mold species that cause mold in paper wine boxes(Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer,Cladosporium tenuissimum, Cladosporium oxysporum, Penicillium oxalicum, Penicillium expansum, Talaromyces funiculosus, Talaromyces verruculosus, and Alternaria alternata). It explores the effects of different temperature and humidity conditions on the mold growth process of single-sided white cardboard used for paper wine boxes, as well as on surface pH values and color differences. The study also examines how temperature and pH affect mold spore germination and growth. By altering temperature and humidity conditions according to the experimental design, the effects of temperature and humidity on cardboard mold growth within 30 days were observed. The results show that28 °C is the optimal temperature for spore germination of the nine mold species, while 4 °C and 45 °C inhibit the growth of all nine mold mycelia. Extreme pH conditions not only inhibit mycelial growth but also prevent spore germination. At different relative humidity levels, the time for cardboard to show mold varies significantly. At relative humidity levels of 97%, 84%, 75%, and 69%, microscopic mold appears on cardboard in 1, 10, 25, and 30 days, respectively; at 58% and 33% relative humidity, no microscopic mold appears. Under different temperatures,the time for cardboard to show mold is similar. At 20 °C, 25 °C, 30 °C, and 35 °C, microscopic mold appears in 24,18, 18, and 24 hours, respectively. Overall, humidity has a more severe impact on cardboard mold growth than temperature, and mold is most severe at 30 °C and 97% relative humidity. High-humidity environments should be avoided during storage.更多还原