【摘要】 在“大国小农”的基本国情下，推动小农户的组织化是实现小农户与现代农业有效衔接的关键。本文以华北D县为田野观察点，基于专业大户领办合作社、农业企业领办合作社与村集体领办合作社三种经验模式，对中国特色的小农组织化机制加以分析。研究发现，为了处理规模经营的发展导向与“大国小农”的基本国情之间的实践张力，我国采取了“新型农业经营主体带动小农户”的发展方式，走出了一条具有中国特色的农业现代化道路。在这一过程中，新型农业经营主体作为国家与农户、农户与市场的中介，依托其特殊的社会性身份与制度性身份，在利益联结、关系嵌入、政策互动与市场对接方面发挥了独特的作用，有效破解了小农组织化困境，并推动小农组织化发展，兼顾了“联农”与“带农”的发展目标。本文将这种通过新型农业经营主体间接带动小农组织化的实践路径概括为小农组织化的“中介逻辑”,并认为“中介逻辑”不仅是中国独特的制度基础、历史经验与资源禀赋下的必然选择，更是体现有为政府、有效市场与有机社会相协调的应然选择。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the basic national condition of “large country with small-scale farmers”, it is crucial toorganize small-scale farmers to effectively integrate them into modern agriculture. This paper aims to analyzethe mechanisms of organizing small-scale farmers with Chinese characteristics based on three empirical modelsof D county in North China: cooperatives initiated by professional farmers, cooperatives initiated by agricultur-al industrialized leading enterprises, and cooperatives initiated by village collective economic organizations.The study finds that in order to address the practical tension between the development orientation toward scaleoperation and the basic national condition of “large country with small-scale farmers”, China has adopted adevelopment approach centered on “new agricultural operating entities driving small-scale farmers”, whichhas paved a path to agricultural modernization with distinctive Chinese characteristics. In this process, new ag-ricultural operating entities, as intermediaries between the state and farmers as well as between farmers and themarket, play a unique role in forging interest linkages, enabling relationship embedding, facilitating policy in-teraction, and enhancing market integration by leveraging their distinctive social and institutional identities.This effectively overcomes the organizational challenges of small-scale farmers and promote their organizationaldevelopment, thereby achieving the dual objectives of “linking farmers” and “supporting farmers”. The paperconceptualizes this indirect pathway of organizing small-scale farmers driven by new agricultural operating en-tities as the “intermediary logic of organizing small-scale farmers”. It argues that the “intermediary logic” isnot only an inevitable choice shaped by China′s unique institutional foundations, historical experiences, andresource constraints, but also a rational choice that embodies the synergy among a capable government, an ef-ficient market, and an organic society.更多还原