【摘要】 为了保持有砟轨道平顺性，须将轨道抬升至指定高度并开展大机捣固作业。本文基于离散元-多体动力学耦合方法，建立了捣固装置及有砟道床的三维模型，模拟不同起道高度下的大机捣固操作过程，分析了起道高度对捣镐及道床受力特征的影响。结果表明：在一定范围内增加捣固时的起道高度可以减小捣镐接触力，并降低道砟间的接触力，捣镐接触力和枕侧道砟间作用力的减小幅度最高分别可达44.34%、31.55%；综合考虑道砟运动特性与受力水平，建议起道高度取20～30 mm，此时道砟颗粒的平均运动速度更利于颗粒充分流动，道砟与捣镐受力相对较小，不易出现劣化现象，且捣镐不易磨损，有利于延长捣镐使用寿命。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to maintain the smoothness of the ballasted track, it is necessary to lift the track to the designated height and carry out large machine tamping operations. Based on the discrete element-multi-body dynamics coupling method, and a three-dimensional model of the tamping device and ballasted track bed were established, which simulates the tamping operation process of the large machine at different lifting heights and analyzes the influence of track lifting height on the force characteristics of the tamping tines and ballasted bed. The results show that increasing the track lifting height during tamping within a certain range can reduce the contact force of the tamping tines and the ballast, and the maximum reduction in the contact force of the tamping tines and force between the ballast on the sleeper side can reach 44.34% and 31.55%, respectively. Taking into account the movement characteristics and force level of the ballast, it is recommended to set the track lifting height at 20 ～ 30 mm. At this time, the average movement speed of the ballast particles is more conducive to the full flow of the particles. The ballast and tamping tine are relatively less stressed, making them less prone to deterioration. Additionally, the tamping tine is less prone to wear, which is beneficial for extending its service life.更多还原