【摘要】 针对目前常用水系连通性指标难以同步呈现水系结构改变和闸坝动态调控共同影响的问题，在对常用指标局限性分析的基础上，提出了融合水系结构和闸坝动态调控双重影响的水系连通性新指标——闸化节点率和闸化连通度，通过案例分析解析了新指标的优势，并应用于解析秦淮河流域20世纪60年代(1960s)、2009年和2016年3个典型时期丰、平、枯水期的水系连通性时空演变特征。结果表明：闸化节点率和闸化连通度克服了目前常用指标的不足，不仅能够反映水系结构改变导致的连通性差异，还能捕捉闸坝开启频率变化的动态影响；1960—2016年秦淮河流域水系连通性在水系结构简化和闸坝大量建设等综合作用下整体呈显著下降趋势，但丰、平、枯水期的下降幅度有所差异，丰水期由于闸坝开启频率的增大削弱了闸坝数量上升对水系连通性的负面影响而下降幅度最小，而枯水期较低的闸坝开启频率使得闸坝数量上升的负面影响凸显而下降幅度最大；流域内17个子流域的水系连通性演变具有显著的异质性，南京老城区、江宁区和句容市的中心发展地带是水系连通性下降显著区域，主要是受城市化、闸坝数量和开启频率等多重因素影响所致，但是主导因素有所差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problem that the current commonly used indicators of river system connectivity can hardly present the co-influence of river system structure change and dynamic dam regulation simultaneously, a new indicator of the connectivity of the river system(gated node ratio and gated connectivity) which integrates the dual influence of the river system structure and dynamic dam regulation was proposed on the basis of analyzing the limitations of the commonly used indicators.The advantages of the new indicator are analyzed through case analysis, and the new indicator were applied to the analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics of the river system connectivity in the Qhuai River Basin during three typical periods of wet, normal, and dry seasons in the 1960s, 2009 and 2016.The results show that the sluice-node ratio and sluice connectivity overcome the shortcomings of the current commonly used indicators, and can not only reflect the differences caused by the changes in the river system structure, but also capture the dynamic impact of the changes in the frequency of sluice gate opening.The connectivity of the river system in the Qinhuai River Basin from the 1960 to 2016 has shown a significant downward under the combined effect of river structural simplification and the massive construction of sluice dams, but the decline varies in wet, normal, and dry seasons. The decline was smallest in flood season because the increase in the frequency of gate opening mitigated the negative impact of rising gate numbers on the connectivity of the river system. In contrast, the lower frequency of gate opening in dry season highlighted the negative impact of increasing gate numbers, leading to the greatest decrease.The evolution of hydrological connectivity in the 17 sub-basins within the basin shows significant heterogeneity. The old urban area of Nanjing, Jiangning District and the central development zones of Juren City are significant areas of reduction in hydrological connectivity, mainly due to multiple factors such as urbanization, dam quantity, and opening frequency, but the dominant factors vary.更多还原