【摘要】 人口数量变化和人口流动都是人口变动的具体形式。人口变动通过影响学龄人口数量进而影响教育资源的供给和需求，最终对教育的整体发展产生深远的影响。2000年后我国农村学龄人口逐步减少，叠加农村税费改革产生的教育经费保障困难，农村中小学校布局调整政策应运而生。农村人口向城市的大规模流动伴生了农村进城务工人员子女的教育问题，因此亟须从城乡教育统筹的视角破除农村进城务工人员子女随迁的各种制度障碍。在少子化时代，学龄人口基数的减少会进一步促进教育资源的优化配置，有质量的教育公平的目标将会更加接近实现。更多还原

【Abstract】 Changes in population size and migration patterns are specific forms of demographic change.Demographic changes influence education by altering the size of the school-age population,thereby affecting the supply and demand of educational resources and ultimately exerting a profound impact on overall educational development. After 2000,the gradual decline in China’ s rural school-age population,coupled with the challenges in securing adequate education funding following the rural tax-for-fee reform,prompted the implementation of the rural primary and secondary school layout adjustment policy. The large-scale rural-to-urban migration has given rise to educational challenges for the children of rural migrant workers, making it imperative to dismantle institutional barriers to their schooling from the perspective of coordinated urban-rural educational development.In an era of declining birth rates,the shrinking base of the school-age population will further promote the optimal allocation of educational resources and the healthy development of the educational ecosystem,bringing the goal of equitable,quality education closer to realization.更多还原