【摘要】 目的 探究首发精神分裂症（FES）认知亚型的数量及类别，同时，揭示FES不同认知亚型之间潜在的睡眠神经生物学特征。方法 采用MATRICS共识认知成套测验（MCCB）评估45例FES患者和40例健康人群（HCs）的认知功能，通过潜在剖面分析对FES患者的认知亚型进行识别和划分，同时完成一整夜的多导睡眠监测以技术量化睡眠纺锤波特征。随后，比较FES不同认知亚型间睡眠纺锤波的差异。结果 潜在剖面分析在FES患者中确定了两种认知亚型，包括一种认知功能严重受损的亚型（SIS,n=32）和一种认知功能相对保留的亚型（CRP,n=13）。与HCs(n=40)相比，FES患者N2、N3期的纺锤波振幅增加；不同认知亚型及与HCs比较发现，N2期SIS的纺锤波持续时间较CRP、HCs延长，N3期SIS的纺锤波持续时间较CRP延长，N3期SIS、HCs的纺锤波频率较CRP增加。结论 本研究结果表明，不同认知亚型纺锤波频率和持续时间的差异可能是区分FES认知亚型的潜在神经生物学特征。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the number and categories of cognitive subtypes in individuals with First-Episode Schizophrenia(FES) and to explore the potential neurobiological sleep characteristics associated with these distinct cognitive subtypes. Methods The cognitive functions of 45 patients withFES and 40 healthy controls(HCs) were assessed using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery(MCCB). Latent profile analysis was employed to identify and classify the cognitive subtypes of FES patients. Furthermore, a full-night polysomnographic recording was conducted to quantify the characteristics of sleep spindle waves. Subsequently, differences in sleep spindle wave features among the identified cognitive subtypes of FES were analyzed and compared. Results Latent Profile Analysis identified two cognitive subtypes among FES patients: a subtype characterized by severe cognitive impairment(SIS, n = 32) and another with relatively preserved cognitive function(CRP, n = 13). Compared to healthy controls(HCs, n = 40), FES patients exhibited increased spindle wave amplitude during both N2 and N3 sleep stages. Further analysis revealed that the spindle wave duration during the N2 stage was significantly longer in the SIS subtype compared to both CRP and HCs. Similarly, in the N3 stage, the spindle wave duration was longer in SIS than in CRP. Additionally, spindle wave frequency during the N3 stage was higher in both SIS and HCs compared to CRP. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that variations in the frequency and duration of spindle waves among different cognitive subtypes may serve as potential neurobiological markers for distinguishing FES cognitive subtypes.更多还原