【摘要】 生物材料为修复耳部缺损，特别是小耳畸形，提供了一种可靠且安全的治疗手段。在跨学科研究的不断推动下，耳廓重建所用材料的种类与性能得到了极大的拓展与提升。该文全面综述了高分子材料以及组织工程支架在耳廓重建领域的最新研究进展，深入探讨了这些支架在体外及体内环境下的物理化学性能以及临床应用效果。然而，尽管耳支架研究取得了显著进展，当前的高分子材料的应用仍然存在一些挑战和局限性，如高密度聚乙烯的疏水性及组织工程中干细胞分化的不可控性。因此，该文探讨了新型改性材料的研究与临床中的应用，特别是强调了表面改性技术和创新合成策略的重要性，使改性材料的性能无限接近人耳软骨的特性。此外，该文还总结了耳软骨组织工程中干细胞分化的控制方法。对不同耳支架的应用性能及生物相容性进行综述，以期为耳廓重建提供指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Biomaterials provide a reliable and safe treatment for the repair of ear defects, especially microtia.With the continuous promotion of interdisciplinary research, the types and properties of materials used in auricle reconstruction have been greatly expanded and improved. In this paper, the latest research progress of polymer materials and tissue engineering scaffolds in the field of auricle reconstruction was reviewed, and the physical and chemical properties and clinical application effects of these scaffolds in vitro and in vivo were discussed. However, despite significant progress in ear stent research, there are still some challenges and limitations in the application of current polymer materials, such as the hydrophobicity of high-density polyethylene and the uncontrolled differentiation of stem cells in tissue engineering. Therefore, this paper discusses the research and clinical application of new modified materials, especially emphasizing the importance of surface modification technology and innovative synthesis strategies, so that the properties of modified materials are infinitely close to the characteristics of human ear cartilage. In addition, this paper also summarizes the control methods of stem cell differentiation in ear cartilage tissue engineering. The application performance and biocompatibility of different ear scaffolds were reviewed in order to provide guidance for auricle reconstruction.更多还原