【摘要】 目的 对2004—2023年北京市海淀区报告的突发公共卫生事件开展流行特征分析，为突发公共卫生事件防控提供参考依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法，对2004—2023年北京市海淀区报告的突发公共卫生事件资料进行整理和统计学分析。结果 2004—2023年北京市海淀区共报告629起突发公共卫生事件，累计报告病例3 590例，死亡29例，平均罹患率为3.08%,病死率为0.81%,主要为传染病事件、突发中毒事件、环境因素事件。未分级事件数551起，一般事件73起，较大事件5起。海淀区突发公共卫生事件总体呈现逐年平稳下降趋势，不同年份的发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);学校报告的30起突发公共卫生事件中24起为传染病事件，报告病例1 476例；非职业性一氧化碳中毒事件报告事件数为460起(占73.13%),每年的11月至次年3月为报告高峰期；传染病事件共报告95起，病例数1 749例(占48.72%),不同类别的突发公共卫生事件发病率和病死率总体差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论 2004—2023年北京市海淀区报告的突发公共卫生事件以非职业性一氧化碳中毒和传染病为主，应结合不同类别的突发公共卫生事件防控重点，加强宣教和监测预警，提高散发病例病原检出和管控，加强传染病上报及时性，尽早切断传播途径，保护易感人群，有效控制疫情的蔓延。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemic features of public health emergencies reported in Haidian District, Beijing from 2004 to 2023, and to provide a reference basis for prevention and control of public health emergencies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to sort out and statistically analyze the data about public health emergencies reported in Haidian District, Beijing from 2004 to 2023. Results A total of 629 public health emergencies were reported in Haidian District, Beijing City from 2004 to 2023, with 3,590 cumulative reported cases, 29 deaths, the average attack rate being 3.08%, and the case fatality rate being 0.81%. These emergencies were mainly infectious disease events, sudden poisoning events and environmental factor events. There were 551 unclassified events, 73 general events, and 5 larger-scale events. The overall number of public health emergencies in Haidian District showed a steady downward trend year by year, with statistically significant differences in the incidence rates among different years(P<0.001). Among the 30 public health emergencies reported in schools, 24 were infectious disease events, with 1,476 reported cases. There were 460 reported cases of non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning(accounting for 73.13%), and the peak reporting period in each year was from November to March of the following year. A total of 95 infectious disease events were reported, involving 1,749 cases(accounting for 48.72%). The overall differences in the incidence rates and case fatality rates of different types of public health emergencies were statistically significant(P<0.001). Conclusion The public health emergencies reported in Haidian District, Beijing City from 2004 to 2023 were mainly non-occupational carbon monoxide poisoning and infectious diseases. It is necessary to strengthen publicity, education, monitoring and early warning in light of the prevention and control priorities of different types of public health emergencies, improve the detection and control of pathogens in sporadic cases, and enhance the timeliness of reporting of infectious diseases so as to cut off the transmission routes as soon as possible, protect susceptible populations, and effectively control the spread of the epidemic.更多还原