【摘要】 《能源法》的出台首次从法律层面明确了氢能的能源属性，并强调有序推进氢能开发与利用。然而成本、安全等问题是氢能发展的瓶颈。随着“氨-氢”绿色能源技术的出现与发展，以氨为储能或储氢载体，形成了“清洁高效合成氨、经济安全氨能储运、无碳高效氨氢利用”的“零碳”循环技术，“氨-氢”绿色能源具有安全性高、零碳排放、高能量密度的特点，以及储运、转化成本较低的独特效益优势，能够有效解决氢能发展中储运安全与高成本以及高碳排放问题。目前，“氨-氢”绿色能源发展相关的法律法规及政策以导向型政策为主，存在效力位阶低、重点区域支持性政策缺失、补贴单一以及能源管理不规范等问题，这在一定程度上影响了“氨-氢”绿色能源的进一步发展与应用。针对上述问题，可通过构建“1+2+N”法律法规及政策体系、制定重点区域支持性政策、实行全产业链靶向补贴以及循序推进氢能从“危化品”到“能源”的管理转变等路径，完善现有法规政策，推动《能源法》的进一步落实，为解决氢能发展痛点问题提供坚实的法律保障。更多还原

【Abstract】 The promulgation of the Energy Law has legally clarified the energy attributes of hydrogen energy and emphasized the orderly development and utilization of hydrogen energy to promote the green and low-carbon transformation of energy. However, the development of hydrogen energy has long been constrained by issues such as storage and transportation safety, high costs, and decarbonization requirements. These challenges, however, can be effectively addressed by the "ammonia-hydrogen" green energy, with its chemical characteristics of being an ideal hydrogen storage carrier, of high safety, zero carbon, and high energy density, in addition to its unique cost-effectiveness in storage, transportation, and conversion. The legal and policy safeguards for "ammonia-hydrogen" green energy development are, however, mainly directional policies, ranking low in legal effectiveness, lack of supportive policies in key regions, with rigid subsidies, and non-standardized energy management. These deficiencies can be remedied by establishing a "1 + 2 + N" hydrogen energy regulation and policy system, formulating supportive policies for key regions, implementing targeted subsidies covering the entire industrial chain, and promoting the gradual transformation of hydrogen management from a "hazardous chemical" to an "energy source". These measures will help further implement the Energy Law and provide solid legal guarantees for resolution of prominent issues hindering hydrogen energy development.更多还原