【摘要】 氨作为氢载体具有能量密度高、安全性好、储运便利及零碳排放等优势，开发氨基燃料电池-内燃机混合发电系统有助于融合两者技术优势，推动氨燃料的规模应用。针对该系统当前在控制策略设计与整体性能优化方面的不足，通过构建包含氨分解装置、质子交换膜燃料电池和氨氢内燃机的全系统模型，提出3种控制策略：氨燃料逐时流量输入、带储氢罐的阶跃流量输入及带锂电池的阶跃流量输入策略。研究表明，逐时流量输入策略可实现日平均效率59.16%，使日耗氨量最低（643.59 kg），但因缺乏储能单元，阀门动作频繁，影响系统稳定与灵活运行；带储氢罐的阶跃流量输入策略系统效率最低，耗氨量最高，虽然简化氨输入、加入储氢罐提高了灵活性，但使氢气的分配更加复杂；带锂电池的阶跃输入策略经济效益最优，日均运行费用仅1 714.84元，储能量最大，单机效率最为平稳，系统稳定性和灵活性最高。带锂电池的阶跃输入策略在3种策略中最优，可为氨基燃料电池-内燃机混合发电系统的实际应用提供理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Against the backdrop of energy transition, the safety of liquid ammonia pipeline transmission has been widely concerned. The paper studies the stopping and restarting condition of liquid ammonia transmission from refined oil pipeline and explores the safe operation boundary of pipeline system. It defines the safety control conditions under the stopping condition as the theoretical basis for judging whether the pipeline is in a safe stopping time firstly, establishes the stopping and restarting model, calculates the safe stopping time, and carries out the sensitivity analysis of hydraulic and thermal parameters of the horizontal pipeline by univariate analysis method secondly, and substitutes the undulating pipeline parameters as well as analyzes the difference in stopping characteristics between them and the horizontal pipeline finally. The results show that increasing the capacity, outlet pressure, and stopping pressure, as well as reducing the total heat transfer coefficient are conducive to prolonging the safe stopping time, the phase safety control condition is changed to the safety control of the pipe when the inlet temperature is lower than the ambient temperature, and the temperature and pressures of the high point would determine the safe stopping time of the undulating pipeline, where the small amount of gasification of liquid ammonia does not affect the stability of the pipeline system. For pipelines with high design pressure, controlling the stopping temperature below a certain value of ambient temperature can significantly extend the safe stopping time by utilizing the low-temperature property of ammonia and the strength of the pipe. It recommends that future research could base on the sequential transport scenarios of refined oil products and liquid ammonia, increase the attention to the influencing factors of oil mixing, refine the safety control conditions, and improve the safety and efficiency of pipeline transport.更多还原