【摘要】 人类在真实世界中长期、低剂量地暴露于数量庞大且成分复杂的化学混合物，这种暴露可能对健康，尤其是生殖发育健康，造成潜在威胁。因此，理解真实世界暴露，即化学混合物在环境水平的暴露对健康的影响及其作用机制至关重要。这需要整合人群流行病学数据与体内、体外毒理学研究，构建针对环境水平化学混合物暴露的真实世界暴露健康效应综合研究框架。本文系统阐述了真实世界暴露健康效应研究的最新进展，重点介绍了几种适用于体内和体外毒理学实验的化学混合物识别与确定方法，并综述了这些策略在生殖发育毒理学研究中的应用。相关研究为完善真实世界暴露健康效应的综合研究框架奠定了基础，并为更精准的生殖发育健康风险评估和干预策略提供了科学依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Humans are continuously exposed to large numbers of complex chemical mixtures at low doses in real-world environments, which may pose potential threats to health, particularly to reproductive and developmental health. Therefore, understanding real-world exposure—specifically, the effects of chemical mixtures at environmental concentrations on health and their underlying mechanisms—is crucial. This requires integrating population epidemiological data with in vivo and in vitro toxicological studies to establish an integrated research framework for assessing the health effects of real-world exposure to chemical mixtures at environmental concentrations. This review systematically examines recent advancements in evaluating the health effects of real-world chemical exposure, with a particular focus on methodologies for identifying and characterizing chemical mixtures suitable for in vivo and in vitro toxicological experiments. Additionally, it reviews the application of these strategies in reproductive and developmental toxicology research. These studies lay the foundation for refining an integrated research framework for real-world exposure health effects and provide scientific evidence for more precise reproductive and developmental health risk assessment and intervention strategies.更多还原