【摘要】 杨梅是一种风味独特且营养价值高的呼吸跃变型水果，极易发生腐败变质，造成经济损失。因此，杨梅保鲜问题已成为该领域的研究重点。气调包装技术是一种通过调节包装内气体（O₂、CO₂）浓度来抑制果蔬呼吸的新型保鲜技术。受天然叶片气孔结构启发，本文将聚乙烯亚胺改性的介孔壳聚糖微球（尺寸39.8μm）引入单宁酸-明胶膜，制备介孔壳聚糖微球/明胶基包装膜，系统研究介孔壳聚糖微球的类气孔结构，明胶基薄膜的微观结构、力学性能、光学性能、抗氧化性和气体选择性，以及对水果的气调保鲜。结果显示，聚乙烯亚胺改性的介孔壳聚糖微球被成功引入明胶基薄膜，且该复合膜具有良好的微观结构、力学性能（杨氏模量1 031.4 MPa）和耐水性能（水接触角68.4°）,适用于水果包装使用。介孔微球增强了明胶基复合膜的CO₂选择透过率（CO₂/O₂选择性2.18）和抗氧化性（ABTS⁺自由基清除率为99.8%;1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（DPPH）自由基清除率为82.3%）,有效防止了杨梅氧化损伤，其变质时间延长到原来的5倍。本文为制备具有气体选择性和抗氧化活性的明胶基气调保鲜包装材料提供了新思路。更多还原

【Abstract】 Bayberry is a kind of respiratory leap type fruit with unique flavor and high nutritional value. Due to its highly susceptible spoilage and the resulting economic loss, the preservation of bayberries has become the focus of food engineering research. Modified atmosphere packaging（MAP）, as the most promising freshness preservation technology, can inhibit the respiration of fruits and vegetables by adjusting gas component（O₂, CO₂） concentrations inside the package. Inspired by the stomata of natural leaves, herein, polyethyleneimine（PEI）-modified mesoporous chitosan microspheres（particle size, 39.8 μm） were innovatively introduced into tannic acid（TA）-gelatin films to prepare mesoporous microspheres/gelatin-based packaging films for modified atmosphere preservation of fruit. Subsequently, the stomatal-like structure of mesoporous microspheres was investigated, along with the microstructure, mechanical, optical, antioxidant and gas selective properties of gelatin-based films. Importantly, their preservation effects for fruits were also evaluated. As a result, PEI-modified mesoporous microspheres were successfully introduced into TA-gelatin film, and the prepared mesoporous microsphere/gelatin-based composite films showed excellent microstructure, mechanical properties（Young’s modulus, 1 031.4 MPa） and water resistance（contact angle, 68.4°）, which proved to be suitable for fruit packaging use. Moreover, mesoporous microspheres improved the CO₂ selective transmittance（CO₂/O₂ selectivity, 2.18） and antioxidation properties（ABTS clearance rate, 99.8%; DPPH clearance rate, 82.3%）, and the films could effectively prevent the oxidative damage and delay the deterioration time by 5 times. This work provides new ideas for gelatin-based modified atmosphere preservation packaging（gelatin-based MAP） materials with gas selectivity and antioxidation activity.更多还原