【摘要】 [目的]探究黄河三角洲地区湿地生态的时空动态变化以及水量需求，阐明植被覆盖度对生态补水的响应机制，进而为黄河三角洲地区生态保护提供依据。[方法]基于2000—2022年黄河三角洲的土地利用和植被归一化指数（NDVI）数据，通过像元二分法计算植被覆盖度，采用slope趋势分析等方法，明确黄河三角洲植被覆盖度的时空变化特征及其对生态补水量的响应，基于功能设定法及面积定额法对黄河三角洲的生态需水量进行估算。[结果]（1）黄河三角洲植被改善区域面积和退化区域面积占比分别为63.2%和27.7%，植被覆盖度总体呈现增加趋势；（2）生态补水的实施对于植被覆盖度的增加具有明显的促进作用，生态补水实施以后，植被退化区域的面积占比减小，植被改善区域的面积占比增加；（3）黄河三角洲全年最小、适宜及最大生态需水量分别为2.91亿m~3、5.43亿m~3和9.11亿m~3；自然保护区以外的区域全年最小、适宜和最大生态需水量分别为0.98亿m~3、1.82亿m~3和3.07亿m~3。[结论]生态补水显著提高了黄河三角洲的植被覆盖度，且生态补水量与植被覆盖度正相关，研究结果可以为黄河三角洲的生态修复与水沙配置提供技术支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] This study aims to investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics and water requirements of the wetland ecosystems in the Yellow River Delta, and to clarify the response mechanism of fractional vegetation coverage to ecological water replenishment, providing a scientific basis for ecological conservation in the region.[Methods] Based on the land use data and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) of the Yellow River Delta from 2000 to 2022, fractional vegetation coverage was calculated through the pixel dichotomy method.The spatiotemporal variation characteristics of fractional vegetation coverage and its response to ecological water requirements were analyzed via slope trend analysis. Ecological water requirements were estimated using the functional design method and the area quota method. [Results](1) The proportions of vegetation improvement and degradation areas in the Yellow River Delta accounted for 63.2% and 27.7% respectively, with an overall increasing trend in fractional vegetation coverage.(2) Ecological water replenishment significantly promoted the increase in fractional vegetation coverage, as evidenced by a reduction in the proportion of vegetation degradation areas and an increase in vegetation improvement areas after its implementation.(3) The annual minimum, suitable, and maximum ecological water requirements of the Yellow River Delta were calculated to be 2.91×10~8 m~3, 5.43×10~8 m~3, and 9.11×10~8 m~3, respectively. Outside the nature reserve, these values were 9.8×10~7 m~3, 1.82×10~8 m~3, and 3.07×10~8 m~3, respectively. [Conclusion] Ecological water replenishment significantly increased the fractional vegetation coverage in the Yellow River Delta, demonstrating a positive correlation between water replenishment and fractional vegetation coverage. These findings provide technical support for ecological restoration and water and sediment allocation in the Yellow River Delta.更多还原