【摘要】 [目的]探究黄土丘陵沟壑区植被恢复下土壤大孔隙的特征变化，为进一步了解土壤大孔隙对水分入渗的影响机制提供参考依据。[方法]在纸坊沟小流域选择长期耕作的农地与不同恢复年限的草地、灌木地和林地作为研究样地，利用CT扫描技术，量化土壤大孔隙的特征参数，分析影响大孔隙发育的主要因素。[结果]草地、灌木地和林地的土壤大孔隙参数优于农地；林地土壤大孔隙度和当量直径均显著大于其他植被类型（p<0.05），大孔隙结构优于草地和灌木地；草地和林地的土壤大孔隙结构随着恢复年限的增加逐渐优化，灌木地的优化相对不明显；大孔隙度与根系平均直径、根系体积密度都存在显著的正相关关系（p<0.05）；土壤大孔隙数量与有机质存在显著正相关关系（p<0.05）。[结论]植被恢复有利于改善土壤大孔隙结构，有机质和植物根系特征对土壤大孔隙的发育有明显的促进作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] This study aims to explore the changes of soil macropore characteristics under vegetation restoration in the loess hilly and gully region, providing a reference for further understanding the mechanism of soil macropores′ influence on water infiltration. [Methods] In the Zhifang Gully small watershed, long-term cultivated farmland and grassland, shrubland, and woodland with different restoration years were selected for the study. CT scanning technology was used to quantify soil macropore characteristic parameters, and the key factors influencing macropore development were analyzed. [Results] Soil macropore parameters of grassland, shrubland and woodland were superior to those of farmland. Woodland had significantly higher macroporosity and equivalent diameter than other vegetation types(p<0.05), and its macropore structure was better than that of grassland and shrubland. The soil macropore structure of grassland and woodland improved gradually with longer restoration years, while the improvement of shrubland was relatively insignificant. Macroporosity exhibited a significant positive correlation with both the root average diameter and root volume density(p<0.05). The number of soil macropores also showed a significant positive correlation with soil organic matter(p<0.05). [Conclusion] Vegetation restoration is beneficial for improving the soil macropore structure, and soil organic matter and plant root characteristics play a significant role in promoting the development of soil macropores.更多还原