【摘要】 [目的]探析红壤坡耕地不同耕作措施对土壤二氧化碳（CO₂）排放的影响，为红壤坡耕地绿色低碳耕作模式构建与耕作措施优化提供理论依据。[方法]通过设置横坡垄作（RT）、顺坡垄作（DT）、覆膜耕作（PM）和传统耕作（CT）4种典型耕作措施试验小区，采用结构方程模型探究了土壤理化性状与土壤CO₂排放间的响应关系，并采用综合评价模型定量分析了不同耕作措施的降碳增产综合效益。[结果]RT的土壤有机碳和全氮含量总体较高，可显著增加土壤总孔隙度，降低土壤容重（p<0.05）,DT则相反；PM的土壤温度及含水率显著高于其余耕作措施，RT和DT为代表的垄作措施显著高于CT。在作物生育期内，不同耕作措施的土壤CO₂排放通量在60.53～818.90 mg/（m²·h）,呈先升高后降低的波动趋势，耕作措施间土壤CO₂累计排放量大小关系为PM>DT>CT>RT,RT可显著减少3.4%～22.4%（p<0.05）,而作物生育期间为花粒期>穗期>苗期。降雨侵蚀对红壤坡耕地土壤CO₂排放具有明显“Birch效应”,降雨侵蚀后耕作措施间土壤CO₂排放通量大小关系为DT>PM>CT>RT。红壤坡耕地主要通过调节土壤温度、土壤含水率、全氮和容重来影响土壤CO₂排放通量。[结论]RT对降低土壤CO₂排放及增加作物产量具有积极作用，可优先在南方红壤坡耕地进行推广。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] This study aims to investigate the effects of various tillage practices on soil carbon dioxide（CO₂） emissions in red soil sloping farmland in order to establish a theoretical foundation for developing a sustainable, low-carbon farming model and optimizing agricultural practices in this type of terrain. [Methods] By setting up experimental plots for four typical tillage practices, including cross-slope ridge tillage（RT）, down-slope tillage（DT）, plastic mulching（PM）, and conventional tillage（CT）, a structural equation model was established to explore the relationship between soil physicochemical properties and soil CO₂ emissions. Additionally, a comprehensive evaluation model was utilized to quantitatively analyze the carbon reduction and yield increase benefits of different tillage practices. [Results] The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents of the soil in the RT treatment were generally higher, which significantly increased the total porosity of the soil and reduced soil bulk density（p<0.05）. Conversely, these parameters were the opposite in the DT treatment. The soil temperature and moisture content in the PM treatment were significantly higher than those in the other tillage practices, and the soil temperature and moisture content in the ridge treatments represented by RT and DT were significantly higher than those in CT. During the crop growth period, the soil CO₂ emission flux under different tillage practices ranged from 60.53 to 818.90 mg/（m²·h）, showing a fluctuating trend of first increasing and then decreasing. The cumulative soil CO₂ emissions among the different tillage practices decreased in the order: PM>DT>CT>RT, with RT significantly reducing emissions by 3.4% to 22.4%（p<0.05）. The emission levels during the crop growth stages decreased in the order: granulation stage>ear stage>seedling stage. Rainfall erosion had a significant Birch effect on soil CO₂ emissions in red soil sloping farmland. After rainfall erosion, the soil CO₂ emission flux among different tillage practices decreased in the order: DT>PM>CT>RT in red soil sloping farmland. Soil CO₂ emission flux was mainly influenced by adjustments in soil temperature, soil moisture content, total nitrogen, and bulk density. [Conclusion] RT plays a positive role in reducing soil CO₂ emissions and increasing crop yield, is a favorable practice in southern red soil sloping farmland.更多还原