【摘要】 [目的]解析内蒙古近地表土壤冻融状态的时空分异及变化规律并量化驱动因素的影响，为区域生态环境保护及基础设施建设提供理论依据。[方法]基于ERA5-LAND土壤温度数据，利用Sen趋势分析(Theil-Sen median)、Mann-Kendall检验和多元回归残差分析，对内蒙古地区近40年地表土壤冻融状态的时空演变特征及其驱动因素进行了分析。[结果](1)近40年内蒙古地区秋冬始冻期和完全冻结期起始日期呈推迟趋势，变化速率分别为0.54 d/10 a和0.45 d/10 a;在空间分布上，随着经纬度的增加逐渐提前。冬春解冻期和完全融化期起始日期呈提前趋势，变化速率分别为2.17 d/10 a和2.15 d/10 a;空间上随着经纬度的增加逐渐推迟。(2)秋冬始冻期、完全冻结期和冬春解冻期的发生天数呈减少趋势，变化速率分别为0.10 d/10 a, 2.61 d/10 a和0.27 d/10 a,而完全融化期的发生天数则以2.68 d/10 a的速率在增加。空间分布上，除完全冻结期呈东北向西南逐渐减少的趋势，其余3个阶段均呈东北向西南逐渐增加的趋势。(3)不同土壤冻融状态受气候变化和人类活动共同驱动影响的面积占比最大，其次为单独由气候变化驱动影响的面积占比，单独由人类活动驱动影响的面积占比最小。[结论]近地表土壤冻融状态的时空分异及变化规律明显，不同区域不同土壤冻融状态的驱动力各不相同，对内蒙古地区生态环境保护及基础设施建设意义重大，未来应更加深入分析气候变化及人类活动对其的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objectives] The aims of this study are to analyze the spatiotemporal differentiation and variation patterns of near-surface soil freeze-thaw state in Inner Mongolia, to quantify the influence of driving factors, so as to provide a theoretical basis for regional ecological environment protection and infrastructure construction. [Methods] Based on ERA5-LAND soil temperature data, the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics and driving factors of near-surface soil freeze-thaw states in Inner Mongolia over the past 40 years were analyzed by using Theil-Sen median, Mann-Kendall and multiple regression residual analysis methods. [Results](1) In recent 40 years, the onset dates of the autumn-winter freezing period and the complete freezing period in Inner Mongolia showed a delayed trend, with the change rates of 0.54 d/10 a and 0.45 d/10 a, respectively; with respect to the spatial distribution, they were gradually advanced with the increase of latitude and longitude. The onset dates of the winter-spring thawing period and the complete thaw period showed an advanced trend, with the change rates of 2.17 d/10 a and 2.15 d/10 a, respectively; with respect to the spatial distribution, they were gradually delayed with the increase of latitude and longitude.(2) The occurrence days of autumn-winter initial freezing period, complete freezing period and winter-spring thawing period showed a decreasing trend, with the change rates of 0.10 d/10 a, 2.61 d/10 a and 0.27 d/10 a, respectively, while the occurrence days of complete melting period increased at a rate of 2.68 d/10 a. In terms of spatial distribution, except for the complete freezing period, the trend of decreasing gradually from northeast to southwest, the other three phases showed a trend of gradual increase from northeast to southwest.(3) The area of different soil freeze-thaw states affected by climate change and human activities together accounted for the largest proportion, followed by climate change alone, and human activities alone accounted for the smallest. [Conclusion] The spatiotemporal differentiation and variation patterns of near-surface soil freeze-thaw state are obvious. The driving forces of different soil freeze-thaw states in different regions are different, which is of great significance for ecological environment protection and infrastructure construction in Inner Mongolia. In the future, more in-depth analysis should be conducted on the impacts of climate change and human activities on it.更多还原