【摘要】 为实现猴头菇在保健食品和药品中的应用，以猴头菇为原料，采用匀浆-超声提取技术提取猴头菇多糖，运用单因素试验结合响应面法对提取工艺进行优化，确定最优工艺参数：匀浆转速11000 r/min、液料比21:1、提取时间为33 min、提取温度为63℃、提取功率为280 W，在此条件下多糖得率为5.94%。在此基础上，对最优工艺参数提取的猴头菇多糖进行体外抗氧化和降血糖作用研究，结果表明，猴头菇多糖具有较强的1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基和羟自由基清除能力，二者的EC₅₀值分别为1.11 mg/mL和1.97 mg/mL；猴头菇多糖对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶也都起到一定的抑制作用，二者的EC₅₀值分别为6.08 mg/mL和1.62 mg/mL。因此，猴头菇多糖具有较好的体外抗氧化和降血糖作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to achieve the application of Hericium erinaceus in health foods and pharmaceuticals, Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides were extracted from Hericium erinaceus as the raw material by using the homogenization combined with ultrasound extraction technology. Optimization of the extraction process was achieved by integrating single-factor experiments with response surface methodology, and the optimal process parameters were determined as follows: the homogenization speed was 11000 r/min, the liquid-to-solid ratio was 21:1, the extraction time was 33 min, the extraction temperature was 63 ℃, and the extraction power was 280 W. Under these conditions, the yield of polysaccharides was 5.94%. On this basis, the in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides extracted under the optimal process parameters were studied. The results showed that Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides had strong scavenging abilities against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl（DPPH） radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and the EC₅₀ values of the two were 1.11 and 1.97 mg/mL, respectively. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides also had a certain inhibitory effect on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, and the EC₅₀ values of the two were 6.08 and 1.62 mg/mL, respectively. Therefore, Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides have good in vitro antioxidant and hypoglycemic effects.更多还原