【摘要】 随着全球人口老龄化的加剧，老年人面临着许多情绪、睡眠和认知障碍等相关精神问题的挑战。益生菌作为能够为宿主提供健康益处的活性微生物，已经成为改善老年人精神健康的有效手段。研究显示，肠道菌群能够通过肠道菌群-肠-脑轴来调节老年群体的大脑发育与行为。本文重点总结老年人神经系统的特点及其与肠道菌群的联系、老年人肠道菌群的特点、肠-脑轴调节老年人神经系统的作用机制，阐述近几年益生菌在改善老年人轻度认知障碍、失眠、抑郁症、阿尔茨海默病等精神疾病中的研究进展，以期为益生菌的临床使用和老年人的精神健康管理提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the global population is aging, elderly individuals are increasingly facing significant health challenges,especially mental health issues such as emotional problems, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment. Probiotics, defined as live microorganisms that confer health benefits upon the host, have emerged as an effective means to improve the mental health of the elderly. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota regulates brain development and behavior in older adults through the gut-brain axis. This article focuses on summarizing the characteristics of the nervous system in the elderly and its connection to the gut microbiota, the characteristics of the gut microbiota in older individuals, and the mechanisms underlying the regulation of the nervous system in the elderly by the gut-brain axis. It also discusses recent advancements in understanding the role of probiotics in improving mental health conditions of the elderly, such as mild cognitive impairment,insomnia, depression, and Alzheimer’s disease, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of probiotics and the management of mental health in older adults.更多还原