【摘要】 以刺梨（Rosa roxburghii Tratt）干果为原料，提取多糖并研究刺梨多糖（Rosa roxburghii Tratt polysaccharides,RPs）的结构和生物活性，为刺梨多糖资源的开发和利用提供依据。该研究采用超声辅助酶法结合大孔树脂脱色，三氯乙酸（TCA）脱蛋白提取RPs。利用高效液相色谱仪（HPLC）、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、紫外可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）等对提取的RPs进行结构表征，同时测定其抗氧化、抗胆固醇酯酶和抗癌活性。结果表明：RPs的总糖含量为52.31%±3.56%，糖醛酸含量为45.53%±2.75%，蛋白含量为2.0%±0.07%。RPs主要由半乳糖醛酸、半乳糖、鼠李糖、阿拉伯糖以及少量的果糖、葡萄糖、木糖和葡萄糖醛酸组成，其摩尔质量百分比分别为43.65%、18.67%、15.39%、16.34%、0.92%、1.79%、1.02%和2.22%。当RPs浓度达到2.0 mg/mL时，RPs对DPPH、ABTS⁺和羟基自由基的清除率分别为84.4%、99.5%和10.4%，半最大效应浓度(concentration for 50%of maximal effect,EC₅₀)分别为1.93、0.53和7.83 mg/mL。此外，当RPs浓度为1.0 mg/mL时，其胆固醇酯酶抑制率为48.6%。通过CCK-8结果可知，RPs能抑制口腔鳞癌Cal27细胞生长而对正常成纤维细胞L929细胞无影响。综上所述，该方法制备的RPs具有多种生物活性，在功能食品和药品中具有广泛的应用前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 The polysaccharides were extracted from the dried fruits of Rosa roxburghii Tratt fruit（RPs）, and the structure and bioactivity of RPs were investigated, which provided the basis for the development and utilization of RPs resources.The extraction was conducted by using an ultrasound-assisted enzymatic method combined with macroporous resin decolorization and trichloroacetic acid（TCA） deproteinization. The extracted RPs were structurally characterized by using high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer（UV-Vis）, scanning electron microscope（SEM）, and atomic force microscope（AFM）. The antioxidant activity, cholesterol esterase inhibitory activity, and anticancer activity of RPs were also determined. The results showed that the amounts of carbohydrates of RPs were 52.31%±3.56%, the galacturonic acid content was 45.53%±2.75%, and the protein content was 2.0%±0.07%. RPs were mainly composed of galacturonic acid, galactose, rhamnose, arabinose and a small amount of fructose, glucose, xylose and glucuronic acid, and the molar mass percentage was 43.65%, 18.67%,15.39%, 16.34%, 0.92%, 1.79%, 1.02% and 2.22%, respectively. RPs showed scavenging rates of 84.4%, 99.5%, and 10.4% for DPPH, ABTS⁺, and hydroxyl radicals, respectively, when the concentration of RPs was 2.0 mg/mL. The concentrations for 50% of maximal effect(EC₅₀) were 1.93, 0.53, and 7.83 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the cholesterol esterase inhibition rate was 48.6% when the concentration of RPs was 1.0 mg/mL. The CCK-8 assay indicated that RPs inhibited the growth of oral squamous carcinoma Cal27 cells without affecting normal fibroblast L929 cells. In conclusion, the RPs extracted by this method possessed diverse biological activities and had potential applications in functional foods or pharmaceutical products.更多还原