【摘要】 以平菇为原料,研究超声时间、超声温度、料液比、超声功率对平菇水提物得率的影响;在单因素试验基础上,通过Plackett-Burman试验筛选影响得率的关键因素,利用响应面法中Box-Behnken模型对提取工艺进行优化;测定其抗氧化活性。结果表明,平菇水提物最佳的提取工艺条件为超声温度47℃、料液比1︰15 g/mL、超声功率233 W、超声时间60 min,在此条件下理论得率为48.36%,实际得率为47.84%。10 mg/mL的平菇水提物最大还原力接近同浓度下VC的一半,对DPPH、ABTS⁺、·OH自由基清除率分别为91.94%, 99.84%和82.03%,其IC₅₀分别为0.890 5,1.269和2.810 mg/mL。试验优化平菇水提物的提取工艺,验证该工艺条件下提取得到的平菇水提物具有良好的体外抗氧化活性,为平菇水提物的研究开发利用提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking Pleurotus mushrooms as the raw material, we investigate the effects of ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, solid-liquid ratio, and ultrasonic power on the yield of its water extract. Based on single-factor experiments, key factors influencing the yield were screened using the Plackett-Burman design, and the extraction process was optimized through the Box-Behnken model in response surface methodology（RSM）. The nutritional composition and antioxidant activities of the water extract were also determined. Results demonstrated that the optimal conditions for extracting the water extract of Pleurotus mushrooms was as follows: ultrasonic temperature of 47 °C, solid-liquid ratio of 1︰15 g/mL, ultrasonic power of 233 W, and ultrasonic time of 60 min. Under this condition, the theoretical yield was 48.36%, while the actual yield was 47.84%. At a concentration of 10 mg/mL, the maximum reducing power of the water extract approached half that of vitamin C at the same concentration. The scavenging rates of DPPH, ABTS?, and ·OH radicals were 91.94%, 99.84%, and 82.03%, respectively, with corresponding IC₅₀ values of 0.890 5 mg/mL, 1.269 mg/mL, and 2.810 mg/mL. This research successfully optimized the extraction process of the water extract of Pleurotus mushrooms, and confirmed its excellent in vitro antioxidant activity under the optimized conditions, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for further research, development, and utilization of Pleurotus mushrooms water extracts.更多还原