【摘要】 探索水肥耦合对苹果幼树生长及矿质元素含量的影响，为阿克苏地区矮化栽培苹果的水肥管理提供理论依据。以‘烟富10’/M9T-337（3 a生大苗）为供试材料，设置灌水定额和施肥2个因素，灌水定额为W1（179 m³/667 m²）和W2（143 m³/667 m²）,施肥设3水平，N-P₂O₅-K₂O分别为T1（5.5-6.5-4 kg/667 m²）、T2（4.4-5.2-3.2 kg/667 m²）、T3（3.3-3.9-2.4 kg/667 m²）,不施肥W1灌溉定额为对照（CK）,研究水肥耦合对苹果幼树生长、土壤以及叶片矿质元素含量的影响。结果表明：（1）水肥耦合可以促进苹果幼树的株高生长和径增粗，其中W2T2的处理对苹果幼树株高生长量和径增粗量的影响最大，分别较CK提高了119.21%和223.74%。（2）各处理0～20 cm土层土壤中OM、TN、AP、Na的含量显著提高，而Mn、Mg、Ca的含量无明显变化；20～40 cm土层土壤中OM、AP、AK、Zn、Na的含量也明显增加，而Mg、Ca则无明显变化；40～60 cm土层土壤中AP、Na的含量显著增加，而Mn、Mg、Ca均无显著变化。苹果幼树叶片中P、K、Na的含量均显著增加。（3）相关性分析表明，土壤中的TN、Na与叶片中的N、Na矿质元素含量均呈极显著（P<0.01）正相关性，土壤中的AP、AK、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn与叶片中相对应矿质元素含量之间均呈显著（P<0.05）正相关性。综上所述，水肥耦合可促进苹果幼树株高生长与径增粗，提高土壤肥力，其中W2T2（灌水定额143 m³/667 m²,施肥量4.4-5.2-3.2 kg/667 m²）的水肥耦合处理效果最优。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study explored the effects of water–fertilizer coupling on the growth and mineral element content of young apple trees. The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for water and fertilizer management in dwarf apple cultivation in the Aksu region. The experiment used three-year-old ’Yanfu 10’/M9T-337 seedlings, with two irrigation quotas and three fertilization levels applied.The irrigation treatments were W1（179 m³/667 m²） and W2（143 m³/667 m²）,while the fertilization treatments were: T1（5.5-6.5-4 kg/667 m²）, T2（4.4–5.2–3.2 kg/667 m²）, and T3（3.3–3.9–2.4 kg/667 m²）, based on N–P₂O₅–K₂O ratios. The W1 treatment without fertilization served as the control（CK）. The results showed that:（1） Water–fertilizer coupling promoted the height and diameter growth of apple saplings. The W2T2 treatment had the most significant effect, increasing height and diameter by 119.21% and 223.74%, respectively, compared to CK.（2） In the 0～20 cm soil layer, the contents of OM（organic matter）, TN（total nitrogen）, AP（available phosphorus）, and Na significantly increased under all treatments, while Mn, Mg, and Ca showed no significant changes. In the 2～40 cm layer, OM, AP, AK（available potassium）, Zn, and Na significantly increased, while Mg and Ca did not change significantly. In the 40～60 cm layer, AP and Na significantly increased, whereas Mn, Mg, and Ca remained unchanged. The contents of P, K, and Na in leaves also significantly increased.（3） Correlation analysis revealed a highly significant（P< 0.01） positive correlation between soil TN and Na with leaf N and Na. Significant（P< 0.05） positive correlations were also observed between soil AP, AK, Ca, Mg, Zn, Mn and their corresponding leaf mineral contents. In conclusion, water–fertilizer coupling promotes the growth of young apple trees and improves soil fertility. Among all treatments, W2T2（irrigation quota: 143 m³/667 m²; fertilization: 4.4–5.2–3.2 kg/667 m²） is the most effective.更多还原