【摘要】 水权交易是解决水资源稀缺问题的一项重要政策工具，然而交易过程中第三方效应的存在是对水权交易市场效率和公平的严峻挑战。基于隐性产权视角，探究了农业水权交易第三方效应的形成机理以及不同交易类型的农业水权交易特征对其产生的影响。研究发现：农业水权具有显著的空间特征，水权交易过程中水权空间特征与用水技术特征的改变会引发回流效应、水量效应、水质效应、用水成本效应等第三方效应，这些第三方效应影响了公共水域的水资源物品属性，进而改变了水权本身及其中的隐性产权，并最终作用于交易主体之外的其他用水户；行业间水权交易不仅改变了水资源利用的产业特征、区位特征和用水技术特征，且交易规模大、期限长，会产生显著的第三方效应；行业内水权交易由于规模小、期限短，其带来的第三方效应较弱，具体影响取决于其交易特征。农业水权交易第三方效应治理的关键在于明晰水权中的隐性产权，并基于水权的交易特征对不同类型的农业水权交易采取相应的管制措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water rights trading is an important policy instrument to resolve the problem of water scarcity. However, the third-party effect of water rights trading is a serious challenge to the efficiency and fairness of the market. From the perspective of implicit property rights, this paper explores the formation mechanism of the third-party effects of agricultural water rights trading and the impact of the characteristics of different agricultural water rights trading types on the formation of third-party effects. This paper finds that, due to the significant spatial characteristics of agricultural water rights, changes in the spatial characteristics of water rights and the technical characteristics of water use in the process of water rights trading result in third-party effects, such as return flow effects, water quantity effects, water quality effects, and water cost effects, which have an impact on the attributes of water resources in public water areas and thereby affecting the attributes of water rights and the implicit property rights. Consequently, the water rights of other water users outside of the water rights trading will be influenced. Water rights trading between industries leads to significant third-party effects because the trading not only changes the industrial, locational, and technological characteristics of water use but also has the characteristics of large-scale and long-duration trading. In contrast, water rights trading in agriculture, being smaller in scale and shorter in duration, yields weaker third-party effects, with specific impacts depending on trading characteristics.Clarifying the implicit property rights in water rights and implementing tailored regulation measures based on the trading characteristics of different water rights trading types are key to governing the third-party effects of agricultural water rights trading.更多还原