【摘要】 聚酰胺弹性体(TPAE)因其优异的力学性能、耐热性及化学稳定性，广泛应用于汽车、电子、医疗及航空航天等领域。然而，传统脂肪族聚酰胺弹性体在高温和腐蚀环境下性能不足，限制了其在严苛条件下的应用。为提升弹性体的综合性能，本研究采用一步熔融缩聚法，合成了以半芳族聚酰胺PA12T/12I为硬段、聚醚胺(PEA)为软段的热塑性聚酰胺弹性体(TPAE)。通过调控PA12T/12I的相对分子质量(500、1 000、1 500、2 000),获得了一系列具有相同分子结构但硬段链长不同的TPAE,系统研究了硬段相对分子质量对其拉伸性能、热性能及耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明，硬段相对分子质量的增加显著提升了TPAE的熔点、维卡软化温度和结晶度，进而增强其高温稳定性。所得弹性体TPAE-1(PA12T/12I相对分子质量为500,PEA相对分子质量为1 000)的最大拉伸强度达56.5 MPa, TPAE-4(PA12T/12I相对分子质量为2 000,PEA相对分子质量为500)的最大断裂伸长率达1 404%,展现出优异的综合拉伸性能。由于软硬段均通过酰胺键连接，相比传统的聚酰胺弹性体，TPAE具有较好耐酸腐蚀性能。该研究为高性能聚酰胺弹性体的分子设计与结构优化提供了理论基础和实践指导，具有重要的应用价值与开发前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polyamide elastomers(TPAEs)are widely used in various fields such as automobiles, electronics, medicine, and aerospace due to their excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, and chemical stability.However, conventional aliphatic polyamide elastomers exhibit inadequate performances under high temperatures and corrosive conditions, limiting their applications in demanding environments.To enhance the comprehensive properties of elastomers, a series of semi-aromatic TPAEs were synthesized via one-step melt polycondensation using PA12T/12I as the hard segment and polyetheramine(PEA)as the soft segment.By adjusting the relative molecular mass values of PA12T/12I(500,1000,1500,2000),a series of TPAEs with the same molecular structure but different lengths of the hard segments were obtained.The effects of the relative molecular mass of the hard segments on their tensile properties, thermal properties and corrosion resistance were systematically studied.The results show that the increase in the relative molecular mass of the hard segment significantly enhances the melting point, Vicat softening temperature and crystallinity of TPAEs, thereby improving the high-temperature stability.The obtained elastomer TPAE-1 with a PA12T/12I relative molecular mass of 500 and a PEA relative molecular mass of 1 000 has a maximum tensile strength of 56.5 MPa, and TPAE-4 with a PA12T/12I relative molecular mass of 2 000 and a PEA relative molecular mass of 1 000 has a maximum elongation at break of 1 404%,demonstrating excellent comprehensive tensile properties.Due to the amide bond connections between the soft and hard segments, TPAEs have better acid corrosion resistance compared to traditional polyamide elastomers.This research provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the molecular design and structure optimization of high-performance polyamide elastomers, and has significant application values and development prospects.更多还原