【摘要】 为提高乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物（EVA）胶膜对光伏组件的封装质量，本文采用熔融共混法在不同工艺条件下制备了系列EVA胶膜，首先通过测试EVA胶膜/玻璃的黏合强度优选了层压温度、时间和胶膜厚度，继而综合分析EVA胶膜组分对自身交联度与黏合强度的影响，优选了助剂种类及含量，由此保证了改性EVA胶膜在不同储存环境下的抗老化性能。结果表明，层压温度和时间对EVA胶膜的交联度、黏合强度有显著影响，选择合适的层压温度（145℃）、层压时间（630 s）和胶膜厚度（6～8 mm）能够获得较高的交联度和黏合强度。采用硅烷偶联剂γ-甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH570）和γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷（KH590）可显著提升EVA胶膜的黏合强度，适量添加交联剂（过氧化2-乙基己基碳酸叔丁酯，TBEC）、光稳定剂（UV770、UV328、UV531及UV328）、抗氧剂（1010、1076）和阻燃剂[Mg（OH）₂]可改善胶膜的耐老化性能。保持干燥、避光的储存环境并减少封装前的储存时间（低于8个月）,可有效避免EVA胶膜黏合强度的下降。利用以上优化的层压工艺、合适的胶膜厚度和助剂配比并控制储存条件，能有效提升EVA胶膜的黏合强度（48 h老化后的黏合强度最高可达58.5 N/cm,远超GB/T 29848—2018要求的30 N/cm）,显著提高光伏组件的封装质量和使用寿命。更多还原

【Abstract】 To improve the encapsulation quality of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer（EVA）adhesive films for photovoltaic modules, the melt blending method was adopted to prepare a series of EVA adhesive films under different process conditions.Firstly, the laminating temperature, time and thickness of adhesive films were optimized through the tests of the adhesive strength of EVA adhesive films/glass, and then the types and contents of additives were optimized by comprehensively analyzing the effects of the components of the EVA adhesive films on the degree of their own crosslinking and adhesive strength, which ensured the anti-aging performances of modified EVA adhesive films under different storage environments.The results show that the lamination temperature and time have significant effects on the degree of crosslinking and adhesion strength of EVA adhesive films, and the appropriate selection of lamination temperature at 145 ℃ and lamination time for 630 s and the thickness of the film（6-8 mm）can obtain a higher degree of crosslinking and adhesive strength.The silane coupling agents γ-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane（KH570）and γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane（KH590）were used to significantly enhance the adhesive strength of the EVA adhesive films.The moderate addition of crosslinking agent（tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexylcarbonate, TBEC）,light stabilizers（UV770,UV328,UV531 and UV328）,antioxidant（1010,1076）and flame retardant[Mg（OH）₂]could improve the aging resistance of the films.Maintaining a dry, light-proof storage environment and reducing the storage time before encapsulation（less than 8 months）could effectively avoid the decline of the adhesion strength of the EVA adhesive films.Using the above optimized lamination processes, suitable thickness of adhesive films, and suitable additive ratios and controlling of storage strips, the adhesive strength of EVA adhesive films could be effectively enhanced（the adhesive strength of 48 h aging could reach up to 58.5 N/cm, which is far more than 30 N/cm required by GB/T 29848—2018）,which significantly improves the encapsulation quality and service life of photovoltaic modules.更多还原