【摘要】 聚乙烯(PE)管材在耐环境应力开裂性能上存在不足，可以通过与α-烯烃共聚改善，以延长管材在地暖系统、工业运输等应用场景下的使用寿命。“系带”分子作为两个或两个以上片晶之间的连结链，承担着传递环境应力的作用。当管材发生应力开裂时，“系带”分子上的短支链长度是影响裂纹增长快慢的重要因素。共聚单体类型决定了短支链的长度，对管材的耐环境应力开裂性能有重要影响。本文综述了1-丁烯、1-己烯作为共聚单体时PE的结构与性能，论述了共聚单体类型对共聚PE性能的影响，比较得出1-己烯为最佳选择。对比了气相法、环管淤浆、釜式淤浆共聚工艺，气相法工艺较为成熟并广泛用于共聚产品的生产，但操作过程中易产生静电而导致结块现象；环管淤浆工艺需要通过优化反应器结构来减少运行过程中产生的黏壁问题；釜式淤浆工艺操作条件温和、产品分子量分布易调控，选择戊烷作溶剂是其进一步发展方向，为PE管材的产品设计与工艺改进提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Polyethylene(PE)pipes have shortcomings in environmental stress cracking resistance, which could be improved by the copolymerization with α-olefin to extend the service life of the pipes in the underfloor heating system, industrial transportation and other applications.The tie molecule acts as a link between two or more lamellae and acts as a transfer of environmental stress.When the stress cracking occurs in pipes, the length of the short branch chain on the tie molecule is an important factor affecting the crack growth rate.Comonomer types determine the length of short branch chain, which has an important effect on the environmental stress cracking resistance of pipes.The structures and properties of PE with 1-butene and 1-hexene as copolymers were reviewed in this paper.The effects of comonomer types on the properties of PE were discussed, and 1-hexene was the best choice.The results show that, compared with the loop slurry process and tank slurry process, the gas-phase process is relatively mature and widely used in the production of copolymer products, but the static electricity is easily generated during the operation, leading to the agglomeration.It is necessary to optimize the reactor structure to reduce the viscous wall problem during the loop slurry process.The operation conditions of the tank slurry process are mild, the molecular weight distributions of products are easy to control, and the choice of pentane as the solvent is the further development direction, which provides references for the product design and process improvement of PE pipes.更多还原