【摘要】 我国社会工作政策倡导多采用合作、联盟等方式，而较少采用西方社会工作政策倡导的运动、斗争等方式，这可能与我国社会工作政策倡导行动中独特的主体间关系有关。本研究从资源视角出发，基于未成年人司法保护领域的社会工作政策倡导行动案例，研究发现，社会工作政策倡导过程中的行动主体包括相关公众、政策倡导者、政策制定者和桥联行动者四类，四类行动者之间的力量和资源水平有较大差异，且处于不同的场域之中，在桥联行动者的支持下，四类行动者之间构建了“增量式偏正共生”的主体间关系。这是一种力量不均衡的主体间以价值约束为主要约束条件、以桥联行动者为辅助桥联、以增量资源为资源链接方式的共生关系。这一关系有助于打破现有政策倡导中社会工作行动者所面临的制度困境、专业困境和资源困境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Advocating for policies is a crucial aspect of social work practice,but it poses many challenges,whether it is in Western or Chinese social work practice. These challenges may be related to the professional capacity of social workers,client participation,and the legitimacy of social work organizations. To address these issues in China’s social work policy advocacy,researchers have examined foreign social work policy advocacy in detail,hoping to guide practice. However,recent research has revealed that the Western approach to campaigning and struggling is not suitable for China’s cooperative and alliance-based style of social work policy advocacy. Western social work policy advocacy is rooted in civil society traditions,and the power struggle between social workers and policymakers is an inherent part of this approach. This method can result in greater action resources for social workers,and social workers often prefer it. However,China’s government-society relationship is different from that of the West,and the antagonistic relationship between government and society is absent. As a result,Western policy practices and strategies are not appropriate for addressing China’s current social work policy advocacy challenges.The topic of inter-subjective relationships is important in the field of social governance and social policy. Previous studies have defined inter-subjective relationships based on rights,interests,and resources. The relationship between social work and government departments usually does not involve direct economic interests,so the inter-subjective relationship of policy advocacy in the field of social work policy advocacy is mainly analyzed from the perspectives of rights and resources.Social work in China is still in the process of development and often faces the challenges of path dependence and resource dependence. Social work actors are usually in a weak position,so it may not be appropriate to analyze the inter-subjective relationship in policy advocacy from the perspective of rights. Therefore,this study analyzes the inter-subjective relationship in social work policy advocacy from the perspective of resources.This study focuses on the policy advocacy actions undertaken by social work professionals in the field of juvenile judicial protection over the past two decades. It analyzes the inter-subjective relationship involved in the action. During this period,social work professionals have utilized their professional identity,research ability,and service ability to actively participate in the practice of juvenile justice reform in China. They have assisted in promoting the development and planning of various work systems such as social investigation,help and education,victim protection,and assistance services. This policy advocacy practice is considered a relatively successful social work sample. This study aims to explain the basic process of this action,identify the actors involved,and highlight the relationships between these actors regarding the available resources. It also explores how these relationships are constructed.According to research,there are four types of subjects involved in social work policy advocacy:relevant public,policy advocates,policymakers,and bridging actors. The needs raised by the relevant public are the main source of policy advocacy content,and they also create the basic constraints for communication between policy advocates and policymakers. Communication between policy advocates and policymakers can be challenging because they are often in different fields of action. Bridging actors can help to create communication opportunities and platforms that promote symbiotic relationships between all parties. To establish a symbiotic relationship,policy advocates and policymakers need to use their resources separately and then combine them to create incremental resources that can be used by both. In this way,they can build a stronger relationship. Policy advocates,who are usually the weaker side,need to pay more attention to the work objectives and actual needs of policymakers. In summary,all parties involved in social work policy advocacy have formed an“incremental bias symbiosis”inter-subjective relationship.更多还原