【摘要】 本研究基于数值计算方法，探讨了某景区观光隧道在不同火灾情境下的烟气流动特性。研究发现，火源位置对火焰蔓延速度有显著影响，起火点靠近隧道入口时，火焰向消防电梯端蔓延速度较快；蔓延初期，下表面的扩散速度大于上表面。随着火源强度的增加，观光屏的引燃时间逐渐缩短，从52 s减少至29 s,其中火源强度从0.5 MW增加至1.0 MW时，引燃时间缩短约20 s,疏散时间大幅提前。研究还表明，当火源强度小于1.0 MW时，电气线路自燃导致隧道达到人员安全疏散临界点的时间较引燃更短，为92 s,提前约20%。然而，火源超过1.0 MW时，电气线路被引燃所引发的火灾危害更为严重。虽然电梯前室的正压送风能在一定程度上抑制烟气扩散，但消防电梯端的疏散条件仍较差，CO质量浓度最高可达920 mg/m~3,无法满足人员疏散要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this research, the smoke flow characteristics of a scenic sightseeing tunnel in different fire scenarios were investigated based on numerical calculation methods. It was found that the location of the fire source had a significant effect on the flame spreading speed, and the flame spread faster to the fire elevator end when the fire point was close to the entrance of the tunnel; at the early stage of spreading, the diffusion speed of the lower surface was larger than that of the upper surface. As the intensity of the fire source increased, the ignition time of the sightseeing screen was gradually shortened from 52 s to 29 s. When the intensity of the fire source increased from 0.5 MW to 1.0 MW, the ignition time was shortened by about 20 s, and the evacuation time was greatly advanced. The research also showed that when the intensity of the fire source was less than 1.0 MW, the time to reach the critical point for safe evacuation of the tunnel due to spontaneous ignition of the electrical wiring was even shorter than that due to ignition, at 92 s, which was about 20% earlier. However, the fire hazard caused by the ignition of electrical wiring was more serious when the source of ignition exceeded 1.0 MW. Although the positive-pressure air supply in the elevator vestibule suppressed the spread of smoke to some extent, the evacuation conditions at the fire elevator end were still poor, with CO concentrations of up to 920 mg/m~3, which could not meet the evacuation requirements.更多还原