【摘要】 目的 分析四川省2019—2023年利福平耐药结核病流行特征，为全省耐药结核病防控工作提供科学依据。方法 从结核病管理信息系统中，导出2019—2023年四川省登记的耐药患者病案信息（包括年龄、性别、职业、民族、户籍类型、治疗分类等相关信息），筛选出利福平耐药患者病案，对患者人群特征、治疗分类和药敏诊断等进行统计分析。统计指标采用构成比（%）表示，组间比较采用趋势χ²检验。结果 2019—2023年四川省共登记3 718例利福平耐药患者，数量逐年增多，MDR-TB患者在RR-TB患者中占比均呈下降趋势(χ_趋势²=87.201,P<0.001)。患者以男性（2 665例，占71.68%）、45～<65岁（1 543例，占41.50%）、农民（2 404例，占64.66%）、汉族（3 060例，占82.30%）、本地患者（3 418例，占91.93%）、新患者（2 111例，占56.78%）为主，15～<30岁(χ_趋势²=7.125)、家务及待业(χ_趋势²=11.509)、学生(χ_趋势²=17.348)、少数民族(χ_趋势²=178.133)、川西地区(χ_趋势²=151.114)、本地患者(χ_趋势²=160.579)占比呈上升趋势（P均<0.05），农民(χ_趋势²=16.738)、初治患者(χ_趋势²=26.681)占比呈下降趋势（P均<0.05）, 89.43%的RR-TB患者采用了分子生物学快速检测技术，占比呈上升趋势(χ_趋势²=75.653,P<0.001)。结论 四川省利福平耐药疫情形势严峻，男性、农民、家务及待业、学生、15～<30岁、本地和初治患者是重点群体，应加强川西地区防控力度，在全省大力推广新型诊断技术，提高耐药发现水平。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2023,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the province.Methods From the Tuberculosis Management Information System,the medical records of rifampicin-resistant patients registered in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2023 were extracted and screened for analysis.Results A total of 3 718 rifampicinresistant patients were registered in Sichuan province from 2019 to 2023,and the number of patients increased year by year.The proportion of MDR-TB patients among RR-TB patients showed a downward trend(χ_trend²=87.201,P <0.001).The patients were predominantly male（2 665 cases,71.68%）,aged 45 <65 years（1 543 cases,41.50%）,farmers（2 404 cases,64.66%）,Han ethnicity（3 060 cases,82.30%）,local patients（3 418 cases,91.93%）,and newly diagnosed patients（2 111 cases,56.78%）.The proportions of patients aged 15-<30 years(χ_trend²=7.125),those engaged in household chores and unemployed(χ_trend²=11.509),students(χ_trend²=17.348),ethnic minorities(χ_trend²=178.133),patients from the western Sichuan region(χ_trend²=151.114),and local patients(χ_trend²=160.579) exhibited an upward trend（all P <0.05）,while the proportions of farmers(χ_trend²=16.738) and newly diagnosed patients(χ_trend²=26.681) demonstrated a downward trend（all P <0.05）.89.43% of RR-TB patients adopted rapid molecular biological detection techniques,and the proportion displayed an upward trend(χ_trend²=75.653,P <0.001).Conclusions The epidemic situation of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in Sichuan province remains severe.Male,farmers,housewives and unemployed individuals,students,those aged 15-<30 years,local and newly diagnosed patients are the key groups.The prevention and control efforts in western Sichuan areas should be strengthened,and newly diagnosed diagnostic techniques should be vigorously promoted throughout the province to improve the level of drug resistance detection.更多还原