【摘要】 目的 了解北京市2023年法定传染病的流行特征,为法定传染病的防控提供数据参考。方法 对北京市2023年法定传染病发病采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析,数据整理使用R4.4.0软件。结果 北京市2023年法定传染病报告发病率为4 708.82/10万,较2020—2022年年均报告发病率上升876.49%,较2017—2019年年均报告发病率上升362.81%。报告发病率居前5位的病种依次为流行性感冒、新型冠状病毒感染、手足口病、其他感染性腹泻病和梅毒。从传播途径来看,以呼吸道传染病为主,占北京市发病总数的94.15%(968 300/1 028 466)。从病原体来看,以病毒类传染病为主,占北京市发病总数(除其他感染性腹泻病外)的98.39%(995 293/1 011 616)。北京市法定传染病的实验室诊断率为70.64%,较2020—2022年年均实验室诊断率(47.21%)、2017—2019年年均实验室诊断率(16.47%)分别上升49.63%和328.90%。实验室诊断率居前3位的疾病依次为经血及性传播传染病、呼吸道传染病和自然疫源及虫媒传染病。呼吸道传染病除在3月、12月出现2个高峰外,还在5月、8月出现2个小高峰;肠道传染病发病高峰为9月,晚于历史同期的7月。结论 北京市2023年法定传染病报告发病率呈上升趋势,法定传染病的实验室诊断率较2017—2019年均、2020—2022年均显著提高。不同传播途径的法定传染病呈现不同的季节、地域特点。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in2023,and provide a data reference for prevention and control.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the incidence of statutory infectious diseases in Beijing in 2023,with data organized using R4.4.0 software.Results The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2023 was 4 708.82 per 100 000,representing an increase of 876.49% compared to the average rate from 2020-2022 and a 362.81% increase compared to the 2017-2019 average.The top 5 reported diseases with high morbidity were influenza,COVID-19,hand-feet-mouth disease,other infectious diarrhea and syphilis.From the perspective of transmission routes,respiratory infectious diseases were the most common,accounting for94.15% of the total incidence in Beijing(968 300/1 028 466).From the perspective of pathogens,viral infectious diseases were the main type,accounting for 98.39%(995 293/1 011 616) of the total number of cases(excluding other infectious diarrhea diseases) in Beijing.The laboratory diagnosis rate of statutory infectious diseases in Beijing was 70.64%,reflecting an increase of 49.63% and 328.90% from the average rates during 2020-2022(47.21%) and 2017-2019(16.47%),respectively.The top three diseases with high laboratory diagnosis rates were bloodborne and sexually transmitted diseases,respiratory infectious diseases,and zoonotic/insect-borne diseases.Respiratory infectious diseases had two peaks in March and December,and two small peaks in May and August;The peak incidence of intestinal infectious diseases was in September,which was later than the same period in history in July.Conclusions The morbidity of notifiable infectious diseases in Beijing in 2023 showed an increase trend.The laboratory diagnostic rate of notifiable infectious diseases has significantly increased compared to the average rate of 2017-2019 and 2020-2022.Legal infectious diseases of different transmission routes showed different seasonal and regional characteristics.更多还原