【摘要】 【目的】带状间作是提高资源利用效率和土地产出的重要途径。探究带状间作系统下不同带宽配置对玉米光合特性及生产力的影响。【方法】以大豆玉米带状间作为对象，设置5种不同带宽处理，带宽分别为1 m(1M1S,1行玉米∶1行大豆)、1.2 m(2M1S,2行玉米∶1行大豆)、1.6 m(2M2S,2行玉米∶2行大豆)、2 m(2M3S,2行玉米∶3行大豆)、2.4 m(2M4S,2行玉米∶4行大豆)，及2个玉米单作对照（M40、M80），系统分析了玉米的光合参数、叶绿素荧光特性及产量对冠层光环境的响应规律。【结果】随着玉米带宽增加，玉米穗位层透光率升高，2M4S处理灌浆期穗位层透光率达0.72，较单作M80和M40分别提高28.6%和316.67%，光分布由“W”形转为“U”形；玉米宽行光合速率（P_n）随带宽增大显著增加，2M4S的玉米宽行P_n较单作M80和M40分别提高11.24%～15.85%和37.45%～62.57%；吐丝期，2M4S的宽行叶绿素含量显著高于M80(17.56%)和M40(27.28%)。宽行叶绿素荧光参数（F_o、F_m、F_v）在带状间作下较单作M40分别提升23.46%、8.92%和10.31%，较单作M80分别提升12.97%、6.55%和5.49%；其Rubisco和PEPC酶活性分别较单作M80提高8.1%和47.4%，较M40提高118.1%和76.82%;2M4S窄行叶绿素a/b比值较M40和M80分别降低8.33%、2.84%，但带宽增大仍使窄行叶绿素荧光参数（F_o、F_m、F_v）相比单作M40显著提高7.11%、5.82%和6.30%，与M80差异不显著。同时窄行2M4S Rubisco活性虽较单作M80降低，但对比M40显著提升64.53%,PEPC活性较M80降低，与M40差异不显著，但显著大于其他间作处理19.51%～31.23%;2M4S单株产量显著高于其他间作处理，且较单作M40和M80分别提高61.31%、13.4%。研究发现增大带宽显著优化玉米冠层光分布，改善了玉米冠层的透光率，提升了叶绿素含量和光合酶活性，使玉米叶片保持较高的净光合速率，促进了产量的增加，研究在排除株行距干扰条件下，揭示了带宽独立调控玉米光合生产力的生理机制。【结论】带宽扩增至2.4 m(2M4S)时，优化了玉米中下部冠层光能截获、增强了光合碳代谢及强光下的光保护效应，实现了玉米光能利用效率与生产力的协同提升，为大豆-玉米带状复合种植模式的田间配置优化提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 Strip intercropping is a key strategy for improving resource use efficiency and land productivity. This study investigates the effects of different bandwidth configurations on photosynthetic characteristics and productivity of maize within a strip intercropping system. 【Method】 Using a soybeanmaize strip intercropping system, five bandwidth treatments were sets: 1 m(1M1S, 1 row maize︰1 row soybean), 1.2 m(2M1S, 2 rows maize︰1 row soybean), 1.6 m(2M2S, 2 rows maize︰2 rows soybean), 2 m(2M3S, 2 rows maize︰3 rows soybean), and 2.4 m(2M4S, 2 rows maize︰4 rows soybean), along with two monocropped maize controls(M40 and M80). A systematic analysis was conducted on maize photosynthetic parameters, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and yield in relation to the canopy light environment. 【Result】 With increasing maize bandwidth, light transmittance at the ear layer significantly improved. At the grain-filling stage, the 2M4S treatment achieved an ear-layer light transmittance of 0.72, which was 28.6% and 316.67% higher than in M80 and M40 monocultures, respectively. Meanwhile, the light distribution pattern shifted from a "W" to a "U" shape. The net photosynthetic rate(P_n) in the maize wide rows increased significantly with larger bandwidths. Under 2M4S, wide-row P_n was 11.24%-15.85% and 37.45%-62.57% higher than in M80 and M40, respectively. At silking, widerow chlorophyll content in 2M4S was significantly higher than in M80(by 17.56%) and M40(by 27.28%). Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(F_o,F_m,F_v) in the wide rows under strip intercropping increased by 23.46%, 8.92%, and 10.31% compared to M40, and by 12.97%, 6.55%, and 5.49% compared to M80. The activities of key photosynthetic enzymes, Rubisco and PEPC, in the wide rows of 2M4S increased by 8.1% and 47.4% relative to M80, and by 118.1% and 76.82% relative to M40.In the narrow rows, the chlorophyll a/b ratio of 2M4S decreased by 8.33% and 2.84% compared to M40 and M80, respectively. Nevertheless, increased bandwidth still led to significant improvements in narrowrow chlorophyll fluorescence parameters(F_o,F_m,F_v) compared to monoculture M40, with increases of 7.11%, 5.82%, and 6.30%, while the differences compared to M80 were not significant. Rubisco activity in narrow rows of 2M4S, although lower than in M80, was 64.53% higher than in M40. PEPC activity in narrow rows was lower than in M80 but not significantly different from M40; however, it was 19.51%–31.23% higher than in other intercropping treatments. The per-plant yield of the 2M4S treatment was significantly higher than that of other intercropping treatments and was increased by 61.31% and 13.4% compared to monocultures M40 and M80, respectively. This study demonstrates that increasing bandwidth significantly optimizes light distribution within the maize canopy, improves canopy light transmittance, enhances chlorophyll content and photosynthetic enzyme activity, maintains higher leaf net photosynthetic rates, and consequently promotes yield increases. By controlling for plant and row spacing effects, this research clarifies the physiological mechanisms through which bandwidth independently regulates photosynthetic productivity in maize. 【Conclusion】 Expanding strip width to 2.4 m(2M4S) optimized light interception in the mid-lower maize canopy, enhanced photosynthetic carbon metabolism, and improved photoprotection under high irradiance, achieving synergistic gains in light-use efficiency and productivity. These results provide a theoretical basis for optimizing field configurations in maize-soybean strip intercropping systems.更多还原