【摘要】 光感受系统对动物定向、觅食等行为具有关键调控作用。棘皮动物缺乏明显的光感器官，主要依靠遍布全身的光感受器对外界光环境进行感知并做出响应。棘皮动物属后口无脊椎动物，是连接原口动物与后口脊椎动物的桥梁。解析棘皮动物光感受系统对于阐明两侧对称动物光感受系统的进化和光感相关行为的调控机制意义重大。本文主要综述了棘皮动物光感器官的结构形态、光感行为，棘皮动物光感受体的发掘与表征以及光感受体参与介导棘皮动物光感行为机制研究的相关进展，展望了棘皮动物光感受系统未来的研究方向与应用前景，以期推进海胆、海参等棘皮动物经济种的绿色高效增养殖，并为海星等灾害种的科学有效防控技术开发提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The photoreception system is essential for regulating animal spatial navigation and foraging strategies. Echinoderms lack specialized photoreceptive organs and instead utilize diffusely distributed photoreceptors to detect and respond to ambient light stimuli. As key deuterostome invertebrates, they occupy a pivotal phylogenetic position linking protostomes and deuterostome vertebrates. Investigating their photoreception provides critical insights into the evolutionary trajectory of bilaterally symmetrical animals and the molecular regulation of photoresponsive behaviors. This article reviews the morphology and structural organization of echinoderm photoreception organs, light-sensory behaviors, the identification and characterization of photoreceptors in echinoderms, as well as the mechanisms by which photoreceptors mediate echinoderm light-sensory behaviors. This review also outlines future research priorities and translational applications of echinoderm photoreception studies,aiming to advance both sustainable aquaculture practices(including aquaculture enhancement) for high-value species(e.g., sea urchins, sea cucumbers) and photobehavior-based biocontrol strategies for ecologically disruptive species(e.g., starfish).更多还原