【摘要】 目的 分析某三甲医院下呼吸道标本中分离的鲍曼不动杆菌(Acinetobacter baumannii, AB)的临床分布特征及耐药性，为临床预防和治疗AB引发的感染提供理论支持。方法 回顾性分析阳江市人民医院2023年1月至2024年12月不同标本类型AB菌株694株中，下呼吸道标本(包括痰标本、肺泡灌洗液、支气管灌洗液等)来源的菌株531株。统计并分析下呼吸道细菌培养标本分离AB菌株的情况及其耐药性。结果 共分离出不同标本类型AB菌株694株，其中，下呼吸道标本分离出AB菌株531株，检出率76.51%。下呼吸道标本耐碳青霉烯类鲍曼不动杆菌(carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, CRAB)共326株，占比61.39%。下呼吸道标本中AB菌株在男性患者中的分布最多，占比72.69%,与女性患者分布占比比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在年龄分布方面，AB菌株在高龄组中的分布最多，占比43.50%,其次为老年组，占比31.64%;在青少年组的分布占比与其他年龄组比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在12种常用抗生素中，CRAB对多种抗菌药物的耐药率普遍较高，耐药率最高的是哌拉西林/他唑巴坦，达到99.39%。结论 临床应严格无菌操作，加强对重点科室的院感监控，合理使用抗菌药物，遏制AB耐药性的产生，降低感染发生率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the clinical distribution characteristics and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB) isolated from lower respiratory tract samples in a 3A hospital, and to provide theoretical support for clinical prevention and treatment of infection caused by AB. Methods:A retrospective analysis was made of 694 strains of AB in Yangjiang People’s Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024, including 531 strains from lower respiratory tract specimens(including sputum specimens、alveolar lavage fluid、bronchial lavage fluid, etc.). Statistics and analysis of AB strains isolated from lower respiratory tract bacterial culture samples and their drug resistance. Results:A total of 694 strains of AB were isolated from different specimen types, among which 531 strains of AB were isolated from lower respiratory tract specimens, and the detection rate was 76.51%. There were 326 strains of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii(CRAB) in lower respiratory tract specimens, accounting for 61.39%. The distribution of AB strain in lower respiratory tract samples was the most in male patients, accounting for 72.69%, which was significantly different from that in female patients(P<0.05). In terms of age distribution, AB strains were the most in the elderly group, accounting for 43.50%, followed by the elderly group, accounting for 31.64%; Compared with other age groups, the distribution proportion in adolescent group was statistically significant(P<0.05). Among the 12 commonly used antibiotics, the resistance rate of CRAB to various antibiotics is generally high, and the highest resistance rate is piperacillin/tazobactam, reaching 99.39%. Conclusion:Strict aseptic operation should be performed in clinic, hospital infection monitoring in key departments should be strengthened, antibiotics should be used rationally, AB drug resistance should be curbed, and infection rate should be reduced.更多还原