【摘要】 国内燃煤机组中短期内碳排放量在线监测方法仍以核算法为主，碳排放在线监测方法尚不完善。针对大型燃煤机组碳排放，探索基于机组燃料管理系统常规监测数据的碳排放在线核算方法，形成了燃煤机组碳排放快速核算方法；并针对CO₂体积分数、流速、湿度测量方式的不同设计了5种碳排放直接在线监测方法，以快速核算法为基准，对比了不同测算周期内不同碳排放量计算方法的计算偏差。结果显示：随测算周期时间跨度的增大，不同方法的碳排放量计算偏差逐渐稳定，60天内的监测结果显示，系统法、监测法、修正监测法、氧平衡法、修正氧平衡法和热值法的平均计算偏差分别为-11.5%、7.7%、4.6%、9.7%、7.1%和17.0%，经长周期参比修正后均可用于燃煤机组碳排放在线监测，支撑燃煤机组碳排放控制和碳资产管理。更多还原

【Abstract】 The online monitoring methods for carbon emissions of domestic coal-fired power units in the short and medium term are still mainly based on accounting methods, and the online monitoring methods for carbon emissions are not yet fully developed. An online carbon emission accounting method for large coal-fired power plants is explored based on routine monitoring data from the units’ fuel management system, leading to the formation of a rapid carbon emission accounting method. Additionally, five direct online monitoring approaches for carbon emissions are designed to measure volume fraction, flow velocity and humidity of CO₂. Building upon the rapid accounting method, the calculation deviations of different carbon emission calculation methods within different calculation periods are compared. The results show that, as the time span of the calculation period increases, the calculation deviations for carbon emissions tend to stabilize. Results from a 60-day monitoring period indicate that the computational deviations for the system method, monitoring method, modified monitoring method, oxygen balance method, modified oxygen balance method, and calorific value method are –11.5%, 7.7%, 4.6%, 9.7%, 7.1%, and 17.0%, respectively. After long-term comparative corrections, all these methods are viable for online monitoring of carbon emissions from coal-fired power plants, providing support for managing and controlling carbon emissions and carbon asset management within these facilities.更多还原