【摘要】 为探究不同蝴蝶兰种质资源表型性状的遗传多样性特征，提高种质资源利用效率，本研究以76份蝴蝶兰种质资源为研究对象，通过表型性状的差异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析以及聚类分析进行表型遗传多样性研究，并分别对大花型、中花型和小花型蝴蝶兰进行观赏性综合评价。结果显示：蝴蝶兰品种间差异性最显著的是株高，变异系数最大的是单株花朵数，大部分性状之间呈现显著或极显著正相关，花朵宽度和花朵长度是导致蝴蝶兰表型遗传多样性的主要因素。R型聚类分析将11个表型性状分为3个大类，其中花朵长度和花朵宽度在欧式距离为1.1时最先聚为1类，表明其相关程度最高；Q型聚类分析显示76份种质资源可划分大花型、中花型和小花型3个类别。在观赏性综合评价中，大花型包括白花红心、幻影、V3，中花型：初恋、黄袍、吉祥、孟菲斯、79、阿玛等，小花型包括吉祥如意、小梅花、宝贝、圣诞树、LL29、满天红等品种综合评分较高。本研究结果将为蝴蝶兰种质资源的高效利用以及杂交亲本选择提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the genetic diversity of phenotypes and improve the utilization efficiency of different germplasm resources in Phalaenopsis, 76 germplasm resources of Phalaenopsis were investigated on the phenotype diversity by differential analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The ornamental value of big-flower, medium-flower and small-flower cultivars were evaluated comprehensively. The results showed that plant height was the most significant difference among the cultivars, and the flower number per plant was the largest coefficient of variation. Most phenotypes showed significant or extremely significant positive correlation. Flower width and length were the main factors leading to the genetic diversity of phenotypes in Phalaenopsis. The 11 phenotypes were divided into three categories by the R-type cluster analysis, among which flower length and width were clustered firstly when the Euclidean distance was 1.1, indicating the highest degree of correlation between them. 76 germplasm resources could be divided into three categories by Q-type cluster analysis, big flower, medium flower and small flower cultivars. In the comprehensive evaluation of ornamental value, the big flower Baihuahonxin, Huanying and V3, the medium flower Chulian, Huangpao, Jixiang, Memphis, 79, Ama and the small flower Auspicious, Xiaomeihua, Christmas Tree, LL29 and Queen Beer obtained higher scores. The results would provide a reference for the efficient utilization of germplasm resources and parent selection of crossbreeding in Phalaenopsis.更多还原