【摘要】 辣椒及其制品以其独特的风味深受各国人民喜爱，而代谢物质的组成及其含量对辣椒风味品质有重要影响。小米辣是云南区域性特色辣椒品种，因其营养成分丰富、辣味香浓深受消费者青睐。为了探明不同栽培种云南特色小米辣果实在成熟过程中代谢产物和代谢途径的异同，本研究以绿熟期和红熟期云南本地传统小米辣（Capsicum frutescens L.）和晶翠（C. baccatum L.）小米辣果实为研究对象，借助非靶向代谢组技术揭示2种小米辣果实在不同生育期的代谢物变化和代谢途径差异。结果表明：在云南小米辣中共鉴定出12类880个代谢产物，其中脂类、有机酸类占比最高，表明云南小米辣营养物质丰富，可以作为一种潜在的功能性食品原料。差异代谢物的种类、数量因生育期、品种差异出现显著不同，但小米辣红熟果较绿熟果的营养物质更丰富；2种栽培种相比，云南本地小米辣中的黄酮类物质较丰富，而晶翠中的氨基酸数量、种类更多。从不同比较组筛选出特有差异代谢物，黄酮类、甘油磷脂类、氨基酸类等物质可作为2种栽培种在不同生育期的潜在生物标志。KEGG富集分析发现包含了常见代谢物的代谢通路（脂质、氨基酸、糖类、碳水化合物、次生代谢产物、萜类和多酮类等），小米辣在2个生育期的关键代谢通路主要富集在甘油磷脂代谢通路、黄酮和黄酮醇生物合成、植物次生代谢产物的生物合成、苯丙素的生物合成，并找到不同比较组特有差异代谢通路。综上，2种小米辣果实代谢物种类、数量差异显著且独具特色，本研究结果为小米辣风味品质育种及后期采收策略提供数据支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pepper and its products are loved by people all over the world for its unique flavor, and the composition and content of metabolites have an important influence on the flavor quality of pepper. As a regional characteristic variety of chili pepper in Yunnan province, Xiaomila is favored by consumers because of its rich nutrition and spicy flavor. In order to find out the similarities and differences of metabolites and metabolic pathways in different cultivated varieties during ripening, this study took local traditional Yunnan Xiaomila fruits(Capsicum frutescens L.) and Jingcui(C. baccatum L.) at green ripening stage and red ripening stage as the research object. The non-targeted metabolome technique was used to reveal the metabolite changes and metabolic pathway differences of two kinds of Xiaomila fruits at different growth stages. The results showed that a total of 880 metabolites of 12 classes were identified in Yunnan Xiaomila, among which the proportion of lipids and organic acids was the highest, indicating that Yunnan Xiaomila was rich in nutrients and could be used as a potential functional food raw material. The types and amounts of differential metabolites were significantly different at different growth stages and varieties, but the nutrients of red fruits were richer than those of green fruits. Compared with the two cultivated species, the local Xiaomila in Yunnan was richer in flavonoids, while the amount and variety of amino acids in Jingcui were more. Specific differential metabolites were screened from different comparison groups. Flavonoids, glycerophospholipids, amino acids and other substances could be used as potential biomarkers for different growth stages of the two cultivars. KEGG enrichment analysis found that the metabolic pathways of common metabolites(lipids, amino acids, sugars, carbohydrates, secondary metabolites, terpenes and polyketones, etc.) were included. The key metabolic pathways in the two growth stages were mainly enriched in glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of flavonoids and flavonols, biosynthesis of plant secondary metabolites, and biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid. The unique differential metabolic pathways of different comparison groups were found. In conclusion, the results show that there are significant differences in the species and quantity of metabolites in two kinds of Xiaomila and each has its own characteristics, which would provide data support for the quality breeding and the later harvest strategy of Xiaomila fruit.更多还原