【摘要】 千吨/万吨级场地极限运输能力体现了国家的综合科技和国防实力。自行式模块运输车（Self-propelled Modular Transporter, SPMT）多车协同作业运输技术是完成重大工程极限运输任务的重要手段。当前SPMT面临依赖人工作业、控制精度低、协同效率差等技术瓶颈，阻碍了重大工程作业运输效率及精度。文章基于国内外SPMT多车协同作业运输技术的发展历程及特点，总结了其发展现状、现存问题和技术挑战，并提出如下发展建议：通过有组织科研范式，打造新一代万吨级极限运输大国重器；攻克分布式电驱动运载技术，推动SPMT向绿色化智能化转型；构建虚实融合测试体系，突破集群控制理论和核心技术验证；加强科技创新顶层设计，打造政产学研用深度融合创新生态。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extreme transportation capacity of thousand-ton or ten-thousand-ton-level sites reflects a country’ s comprehensive scientific, technological, and national defense strength. The multi-vehicle collaborative transportation technology of self-propelled modular transporters(SPMT) is a key tool for completing large-scale engineering extreme transportation tasks. Currently, SPMTs face technical bottlenecks such as reliance on manual operation, low control accuracy, and poor collaborative efficiency, which hinder the efficiency and precision of major engineering transportation projects. This paper summarizes the development history, characteristics, current status, existing problems, and technical challenges of multi-vehicle collaborative transportation technology for SPMTs, based on both domestic and international progress. It proposes the following development suggestions:(1) Develop a new generation of ten-thousand-ton-level extreme transportation capabilities through organized scientific research paradigms, positioning it as a national heavy-duty transportation tool.(2) Overcome the challenges of distributed electric drive transportation technology and promote the green and intelligent transformation of SPMTs.(3) Build a virtual-real integrated testing system to break through the theoretical and core technological verification of swarm control.(4) Strengthen the top-level design of technological innovation to create a deep integration ecosystem involving government, industry, academia, and applications.更多还原