【摘要】 分布式电驱动车辆的独特结构和创新驱动方式能够显著提升整车的综合性能，是未来电动汽车发展的重要方向。分布式电驱动车辆的应用极大地推动了高性能车辆的技术革新，不仅可提升车辆的能量利用率、行驶安全性和机动能力，还为超大件与重载货物道路运输等新型特种应用场景提供了新的解决方案。文章回顾车辆构型的百年发展历程，阐明了车辆智能化、电动化发展趋势下分布式电驱动构型的发展必然性，以及其为汽车行业带来的深远变革；深入分析国内外分布式电驱动车辆核心技术，总结了当前分布式电驱动车辆技术发展面临的关键挑战；对当前分布式电驱动车辆技术领域进行展望，提出了未来分布式电驱动车辆技术的发展目标与技术变革方向，以期为中国推进分布式电驱动车辆技术的研发与应用提供科学思路和发展建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The unique structure and innovative drive mode of distributed electric drive vehicles can significantly enhance overall vehicle performance, making them a crucial direction for the future development of electric vehicles. The application of distributed electric drive vehicles has greatly promoted technological innovations in high-performance vehicles. It not only improves energy efficiency, driving safety, and maneuverability but also provides new solutions for specialized applications such as the road transportation of oversized and heavy-haul cargo. This paper reviews the century-long evolution of vehicle configurations and highlights the inevitability of the development of distributed electric drive architectures in the context of vehicle electrification and intelligence, as well as the profound transformations they bring to the automotive industry. The paper conducts a comprehensive analysis of the core technologies of distributed electric drive vehicles worldwide, identifying key challenges in their current development. Finally, the paper presents an outlook on the field, proposing future development goals and technological transformation directions for distributed electric drive vehicles, with the aim of providing scientific insights and strategic recommendations for advancing research and application in China.更多还原