【摘要】 目的 综述线性二次（LQ）模型在放射治疗生物效应剂量（BED）计算中的应用现状与发展趋势。方法 以“放射治疗、线性二次模型、生物效应剂量”为中文检索词，以“radiation therapy、linear-quadratic model、biological effective dose”为英文检索词，检索PubMed、中国知网及万方数据库自建库至2024-11-20发表的相关文献。纳入标准：（1）研究主题与LQ模型的理论发展、参数优化、临床应用或局限性直接相关；（2）涉及LQ模型在高剂量分次（大分割/立体定向放疗）、质子或重离子放疗等新兴领域中应用与挑战的研究；（3）文献类型为原创研究、Meta分析或重要评论。排除标准：（1）无法获取全文或数据不完整的文献；（2）非中、英文文献。最终纳入43篇文献。结果 尽管LQ模型是放射生物学中应用最为广泛的数学模型，已被常规用于不同放疗方案间的BED比较与换算，但其在临床放疗剂量计算中的准确性仍存在较大争议。尤其在单次照射剂量超过一定范围时，传统LQ模型及其所衍生的BED计算公式的适用性显著下降。在此情形下，有必要对LQ模型进行参数修正，或转而采用更精确的放射生物学模型，以保障BED评估的可靠性与准确性。结论 LQ模型在应用于BED计算时，其有效性和准确性仍需进一步深入研究和验证。未来研究应致力于改进现有模型或开发新的模型，以便更准确地指导放疗方案的设计和优化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To review the current application and development trends of the linear-quadratic(LQ)model in calculating the biological effective dose(BED)in radiation therapy.Methods Using "radiation therapy,linear-quadratic model,biological effective dose" as search terms,relevant literature published from the establishment of databases to November 20,2024 in PubMed,CNKI,and Wanfang databases was retrieved.The inclusion criteria:(1)studies directly related to the theoretical development,parameter optimization,clinical application,or limitations of the LQ model;(2)research involving the application and challenges of the LQ model in emerging fields such as high-dose fractionation(hypofractionated/stereotactic body radiotherapy),proton or heavy ion therapy;(3)original research,meta-analyses,or significant reviews.Exclusion criteria:(1)literature with unavailable full text or incomplete data;(2)non-Chinese or non-English publications.A total of 43 articles were included.Results Although the LQ model is the most widely used mathematical model in radiobiology and is routinely employed for comparing and converting BED across different radiotherapy regimens,its accuracy in clinical radiation dose calculation remains highly controversial.Particularly when the dose per fraction exceeds a certain threshold,the applicability of the traditional LQ model and its derived BED formulas significantly decreases.In such cases,it is necessary to modify the parameters of the LQ model or adopt more accurate radiobiological models to ensure the reliability and accuracy of BED assessment.Conclusions The validity and accuracy of the LQ model in BED calculation require further in-depth research and validation.Future studies should focus on improving existing models or developing new ones to more accurately guide the design and optimization of radiotherapy protocols.更多还原