【摘要】 青藏高原高寒草甸生态系统退化与高原鼠兔鼠害频发密切相关。研究高原鼠兔干扰对高寒草甸植物群落功能性状的影响,对于了解高寒植物群落如何适应生物干扰和鼠荒地的生态修复具有重要意义。该研究于青海省河南蒙古族自治县克其合滩展开调查。依据高原鼠兔有效洞口密度开展植物群落调查,定量测定了植物整株性状、叶片性状和根系性状在内的14项功能性状指标,并系统分析其与干扰强度的关系。结果表明,植物功能性状对干扰的响应呈现显著分化。具体而言,根干物质含量、根组织密度与根冠比随有效洞口密度增加呈线性增加;根长、比根长与比根面积表现为先降后升的非线性模式,1 095个/公顷到1 149个/公顷有效洞口密度区间出现谷值;而叶干重、叶片面积、根表面积、地上与地下生物量则呈现先升后降的单峰响应,峰值出现在917个/公顷到1 891个/公顷有效洞口密度区间。相比之下,株高、比叶面积及叶片干物质含量对有效洞口密度无显著响应。综上,群落水平植物功能性状的响应表明,高寒草甸植物主要通过根系构型与资源分配的可塑性变化来适应鼠兔干扰。该结论可为高原鼠害退化草甸的生态修复,即通过功能性状指导恢复物种的遴选与配置,提供直接的理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 The degradation of alpine meadow ecosystems on the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau is closely associated with the frequent occurrence of plateau pika(Ochotona curzoniae) infestations.Investigating the impact of plateau pika disturbance on the functional traits of plant communities in alpine meadows is crucial for understanding how these communities adapt to biotic disturbances and for guiding ecological restoration of degraded grasslands.This study was conducted in Keqihetan,Henan Mongol Autonomous County,Qinghai Province.Plant community surveys were carried out based on the effective burrow density of plateau pikas.Fourteen functional traits,including whole-plant,leaf,and root characteristics,were quantitatively measured,and their relationships with disturbance intensity were systematically analyzed.The results indicate that plant functional traits exhibit significant differentiation in response to disturbance.Specifically,root dry matter content,root tissue density,and rootto-shoot ratio increased linearly with rising effective burrow density.In contrast,root length,specific root length,and specific root area followed a nonlinear pattern,initially decreasing and then increasing,with the lowest values observed within the range of 1095 to 1149 effective burrows per hectare.Meanwhile,leaf dry weight,leaf area,root surface area,aboveground biomass,and belowground biomass displayed a unimodal response,increasing initially and then decreasing,with peak values occurring between 917 and 1,891 effective burrows per hectare.In comparison,plant height,specific leaf area,and leaf dry matter content showed no significant response to effective burrow density.In summary,the responses of plant functional traits at the community level suggest that alpine meadow plants primarily adapt to pika disturbance through plastic changes in root architecture and resource allocation strategies.These findings provide a direct theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of pika-degraded alpine meadows,particularly in selecting and configuring suitable plant species based on functional traits.更多还原