【摘要】 采用熔融反应法在不同温度（850℃、900℃、950℃）下制备不同Zr与B原子比（1∶0、1∶1、1∶2、1∶3）的Al-Zr-B晶粒细化剂，并利用SEM、XRD和EDS等仪器系统分析细化剂中第二相的形貌、分布及物相组成。结果表明，反应温度显著影响反应完全程度与组织均匀性，900℃为最佳温度，此时ZrB₂颗粒分布均匀，无AlB₂残留。Zr与B原子比直接决定物相组成：当比例为1∶2时，Zr与B完全反应生成单一ZrB₂相；比例高于1∶2时，过量B会形成AlB₂。最终确定细化剂的最佳成分为Al-5Zr-1B（Zr与B原子比为1∶2）,反应温度为900℃,该条件下制备的细化剂物相纯净、第二相分布均匀。更多还原

【Abstract】 Al-Zr-B grain refiners with different Zr/B atomic ratios（1∶0, 1∶1, 1∶2, 1∶3） were prepared via a melt reaction method at different temperatures（850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃）. The morphology, distribution, and phase composition of the second phases were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）, X-ray diffraction（XRD）, and energy dispersive spectroscopy（EDS）. The results show that the reaction temperature significantly influences the completeness of the reaction and microstructural homogeneity. A temperature of 900 ℃ is identified as optimal, under which ZrB₂ particles are uniformly distributed in the aluminum matrix without AlB₂ phase. The Zr/B atomic ratio directly determines the final phase composition: at a ratio of 1∶2, Zr and B reacts completely to form a single ZrB₂ phase, while a ratio higher than 1∶2 leads to excess B and the formation of AlB₂. The optimal parameters are determined as the Al-5Zr-1B composition（Zr/B=1∶2） and a reaction temperature of 900 ℃. The refiner obtained under these conditions exhibits a pure phase composition and uniformly dispersed second phases.更多还原