【摘要】 【目的/意义】治理模式的构建与选择对科学数据开放共享成效影响显著，从数据开放共享场景出发，对既存科学数据治理模式进行研究，为我国科学数据治理模式的创新与发展提供参考和借鉴。【方法/过程】基于活动理论构建科学数据治理模式分析框架，对既存的基于数据仓储、数据出版、数据交易以及数据信托的四种开放共享治理模式进行分析，系统、全面梳理各模式要素构成及其之间的相互作用，并对其进行总结评价。【结果/结论】每种模式在治理主体、客体、方式等方面都存在一定的差异，并具有一定优势与不足，建议我国强化对科学数据开放共享治理工作的统筹规划，促进多元要素的协同配合，加强治理模式间的融合与衔接，不断优化现有治理模式，以推进科学数据开放共享治理目标实现。【创新/局限】对既存科学数据开放共享治理模式进行梳理和总结，未来将从动态发展视角对科学数据开放共享治理模式演进规律进行分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Purpose/significance】The construction and selection of the governance model has a significant impact on the effectiveness of scientific data open sharing. Based on the data open sharing scenarios, the existing scientific data governance model is studied, aiming to provide reference and reference for the innovation and development of the scientific data governance model of our country.【Method/process】Based on activity theory, an analysis framework for scientific data governance model is constructed, and the existing four open sharing governance models which are based on data warehousing, data publishing, data trading and data trust are analyzed,and the composition of the elements of each model and the interaction between them are systematically and comprehensively sorted out, and their summaries and evaluations are carried out.【Result/conclusion】Each mode has certain differences in terms of governance subjects, objects and modes, and has certain advantages and shortcomings. Therefore, it is recommended that our country strengthens the overall planning of scientific data governance, promotes the synergy of multiple elements, strengthens the integration and articulation between governance modes, and continuously optimizes the existing governance modes, so as to achieve the effective advancement of the governance goals.【Innovation/limitation】This paper combs and summarizes the existing scientific data open sharing governance model, and in the future, scientific data open sharing governance model evolution regulation will be analyzed from the perspective of dynamic development.更多还原