【摘要】 目的 通过循证护理学方法，检索、评价并总结尘螨过敏人群的室内环境控制最佳证据，为室内尘螨防控和环境控制提供依据。方法 检索BMJ Best Practice、UpToDate、BMJ Clinical Evidence等决策支持系统，国际和国家级指南库，以及Cochrane、PubMed、Embase等数据库。检索关于室内尘螨防控的临床实践指南、证据总结、专家共识、系统评价、Meta分析，检索时限为建库至2023年12月24日。由2名研究者进行文献质量评价和资料提取。结果 共纳入17篇文献，包括3篇临床决策、3篇指南、1篇证据总结、1篇专家共识、7篇系统评价和2篇Meta分析，归纳总结了25条最佳证据，主要涵盖以下内容：(1)人群干预：对于尘螨过敏原检测阳性或出现过敏症状的患者，建议采取多种联合措施控制尘螨过敏原；(2)湿度控制：通过除湿机、空调等设备控制室内相对湿度为35%～50%,结合使用湿度计监测；(3)家具和生活用品：建议移除地毯、毛绒玩具等易积尘物品，选择防螨床罩、枕套等过敏原屏障；(4)控螨措施：物理杀螨法(如加热、冷冻)及使用杀螨剂有效降低过敏原浓度；(5)定期使用HEPA吸尘器清洁室内环境；(6)家访与宣教：定期家访和过敏原管理教育可显著降低过敏原暴露并减少过敏症状。结论 该研究总结的尘螨过敏性疾病患者室内环境控制最佳证据较为科学、全面，医护人员应根据环境实际、家庭情境对证据进行选择，为患者制订安全、科学、个体化的环境控制计划，以促进患者康复。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To search, evaluate and summarize the best evidence of indoor environment control for patients with dust mite-allergic diseases basing on evidence-based nursing methods, providing evidence of environmental control for indoor dust mite prevention and control.It aims to reduce onset of symptoms of allergic diseases and to improve life quality of patients, by way of avoidance or reduction of allergen exposure by using scientific and reasonable environmental control strategies.Methods Decision support systems such as BMJ Best Practice, UpToDate and BMJ Clinical Evidence, as well as international and national guideline databases, Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched, literatures related to clinical practice, guidelines, evidence summaries, expert consensus, systematic reviews and meta-analyses in the field of indoor dust mite control were included from inception to December 24,2023.Literature quality assessment and data extraction was conducted by two investigators.Results A total of 17 articles were included, including 3 clinical decisions articles, 3 guidelines, one evidence summary, one expert consensus, 7 systematic reviews and 2 Meta-analyses.25 best evidence-based recommendations were summarized, covering following object matters: 1)population interventions: combination of a number of measures is recommended to control dust mite allergen for patients with positive dust mite allergen detection result or allergic symptoms; 2)humidity control: maintaining indoor relative humidity between 35% and 50% using dehumidifier, air conditioner and other equipment, as well as monitoring by using hygrometer; 3)furniture and household items: removal of dust gathering items such as carpets and stuffed toys and use of allergen barriers such as anti-mite bedspreads and pillowcases; 4)mite control measures: physical methods(heating, freezing, etc.) and use of acaricides reducing allergen concentration effectively.5)regular cleaning: to clean indoor environment regularly by using HEPA vacuum cleaner; 6)home visits and education: regular home visits and allergen control education can significantly reduce allergen exposure and allergic symptoms.Conclusion The best evidence on indoor environment control for patients with dust mite allergic diseases was summarized in this study, which is relatively scientific and comprehensive.Medical staff should select the evidences basing on actual home environment to set up safe, scientific and individualized environmental control plan for patients, helping to promote rehabilitation of patients.更多还原