【摘要】 水介质具有成本低、对环境污染小及粘度受温度变化小等优势，但常规电液伺服阀与比例阀在水介质下，因滑阀式阀芯结构导致泄漏严重，难以直接应用于水液压系统中。本文提出一种先导双阀芯高压大流量水压比例阀新构型，先导级为双伺服电机驱动的两位三通阀，主级为“主动式阀芯”二通插装阀结构，双先导级分别控制主阀上、下控制腔。分别建立先导级和主级数学模型，并仿真分析先导级阶跃响应，阀芯位移无超调，上升时间为62.7 ms;突加负载时伺服电机转速经过1.27 ms恢复到正常。先导供液压力、先导阻尼和控制腔直径为影响主级性能的关键因素，分别将其取为10 MPa、2.5 mm、40 mm可得最佳性能；最后，设计样机并搭建基于xPC Target试验平台，结果表明：伺服电机优选20 000脉冲/r,当先导阀0.2 mm阶跃响应时，无超调阶跃响应时间小于140 ms,误差为-3～3μm;整阀空载10 mm阶跃上升时，均有延迟，调整时间约400 ms;整阀加载5 mm阶跃上升时，上升时间为194 ms,调整时间为752 ms。研究结果为水液压阀研制提供了参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Water medium presents multiple benefits, such as low cost, minimum pollution of the environment, and minor viscosity fluctuations due to temperature. Conventional electro-hydraulic servo valve and proportional valve have significant leakage due to their slipping valve core construction in water-based environments, making them difficult to adapt directly to hydraulic systems. A pilot double spool high-pressure, high-flow water pressure proportional valve structure was presented. The pilot stage was a two-position three-way valve powered by two servo motors, while the main stage was a “active spool” two-way plug-in valve construction. The twin pilot stages managed upper and lower control chambers of main valve respectively. A mathematical model for pilot stage and main valve was established. The step response of pilot stage was simulated and analyzed, ensuring no overshoot of valve core displacement, and a rise time of 62.7 ms was achieved. When the load was suddenly applied, the servo motor speed returned to normal after 1.27 ms. The key factors affecting performance of main stage were pilot supply pressure, pilot damping, and control chamber diameter. The optimal performance can be obtained by setting them at 10 MPa, 2.5 mm, and 40 mm, respectively. Finally, a prototype was developed and a test platform based on xPC Target was built. The results showed that when servo motor was optimized for 20 000 pulses per revolution and the pilot valve had a 0.2 mm step response, the non overshoot step response time was less than 140 ms, with an error of approximately ±3 μm. When entire valve rose in a 10 mm step without load, there was a delay, and the adjustment time was about 400 ms. When the entire valve was loaded with a 5 mm step up, the rise time was 194 ms and the adjustment time was 752 ms. The research results can provide a reference for the development of similar hydraulic valves.更多还原