【摘要】 玉米精量播种机高速工作过程中受地表起伏、土壤不均匀等因素影响，排种器产生随机振动，影响排种稳定性，且投种阶段种子初始速度和加速度随机分布，造成株距不均匀。为此，本文提出了一种基于瓦特连杆的减振装置，揭示了振动抑制原理，通过理论建模与动力学分析，确定了瓦特连杆悬架结构的几何参数；利用预紧弹簧和气压阻尼器构成协同减振系统，分别在高频和低频段，分析了预紧弹簧刚度和气压阻尼器阻尼系数对减振装置响应的影响；通过四因素三水平正交试验，探究了刚度、阻尼系数、激励频率及加速度对减振率的影响规律。台架试验结果表明，最优参数组合为刚度2 371.75 N/m,阻尼系数101.05 N·s/m。验证试验结果表明，最优参数组合在各种激励条件下加速度均方根均不超过0.57 g,最优减振率为63.13%,验证了该装置在排种器减振方面的有效性。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the high-speed operation of precision corn seeder, the seed metering device generated random vibrations due to factors such as ground undulation and soil heterogeneity, which affected the stability of seed metering. Additionally, the initial velocity and acceleration of seeds during dropping stage were randomly distributed, leading to uneven plant spacing. To address this issue, a vibration damping device was proposed based on the Watt’s linkage, its vibration suppression principle was revealed, and the geometric parameters of the Watt’s linkage suspension structure was determined through theoretical modeling and dynamic analysis. A cooperative vibration damping system composed of a pre-tensioned spring and a pneumatic damper were constructed. The influences of the stiffness coefficient of the pre-tensioned spring and the damping coefficient of the pneumatic damper on the response of the damping device were analyzed respectively in the high-frequency and low-frequency bands. A four-factor three-level orthogonal experiment was conducted to investigate the influence laws of the stiffness coefficient, damping coefficient, excitation frequency, and acceleration on the vibration reduction rate. Bench test results showed that the optimal parameter combination was a stiffness of 2 371.75 N/m and a damping coefficient of 101.05 N·s/m. Verification tests indicated that under various excitation conditions, the root mean square(RMS) acceleration of the optimal parameter combination did not exceed 0.57 g, and the optimal vibration reduction rate was 63.13%, verifying the effectiveness of the device in damping vibrations of the seed metering device.更多还原