【摘要】 为解决高海拔地区饲用燕麦单独青贮发酵弱的问题，本研究旨在探讨添加不同浓度甘草提取物及其和乳酸菌联用对饲用燕麦青贮饲料品质和体外瘤胃消化特性的影响。共设8组处理，分别为对照组CK（添加等量的水），甘草提取物单独添加的处理为GC0.5、GC1、GC2（分别表示添加0.5%、1%和2%鲜草重量的甘草提取物），对照组LP（添加乳酸菌，添加量为0.1g/kg，活菌数为1×10⁵ CFU/g），甘草提取物和乳酸菌联用的处理分别为GCLP0.5、GCLP1和GCLP2。青贮60 d后开罐取样测定饲用燕麦青贮的营养成分、发酵品质和体外消化特性，并利用熵权—TOPSIS法对燕麦青贮饲料品质进行综合评分。结果表明：1)GC和GCLP处理的NDF、ADF、CP和WSC与CK相比均显著差异（P<0.05）。2)GC和GCLP处理均会降低青贮燕麦的pH，与CK相比，GC处理的NH₃-N浓度均显著降低（P<0.05）,GC和GCLP处理均会提高LA和AA的含量，在各个处理中均未检测出BA。3)GC0.5和GC1的IVDMD显著高于其他处理（P<0.05）,GCLP处理的IVNDFD均显著高于其他处理（P<0.05）。4)使用熵权-TOPSIS法进行综合评价得出GCLP2处理的燕麦青贮饲料品质最佳。综上，2%的甘草提取物和乳酸菌联用饲用燕麦青贮品质最优，体外消化率更高，综合评价得分最高，可以为青海高海拔地区改善饲用燕麦青贮饲料的品质提供参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 To address the issue of weak fermentation in forage oat silage at high-altitude regions, this study aimed to investigate the effects of adding different concentrations of licorice extract( LE) alone or in combination with lactic acid bacteria(LAB) on the quality and in vitro ruminal digestion characteristics of oat silage. There are a total of eight treatment groups,namely the control group CK(with the addition of an equal amount of water), the treatment group GC0. 5,GC1 and GC2(with the addition of 0. 5%, 1%, and 2% fresh grass weight licorice extract, respectively), the control group LP(with the addition of lactic acid acid bacteria at a dosage of 0. 1 g/kg and a viable bacterial count of 1×10~5 CFU/g). and the treatment group GCLP 0. 5, GCLP1 and GCLP2 for the combination of licorice extract and lactic acid bacteria, respectively. After 60 days of ensiling, samples were collected to determine the nutritional composition, fermentation quality, and in vitro digestibility of the oat silage. The entropy-weighted TOPSIS method was applied for comprehensive quality evaluation. The results showed that: 1) The NDF, ADF, CP, and WSC treated with GC and GCLP showed significant differences compared to CK(P<0. 05). 2) GC and GCLP treatments reduced silage pH. Compared to CK, GC treatments significantly decreased NH3-N concentration(P<0. 05), while both GC and GCLP treatments increased LA and AA content. No BA was detected in any treatment. 3) IVDMD was significantly higher in GC0. 5 and GC1 than in other treatments(P<0. 05), while GCLP treatments exhibited significantly higher IVNDFD(P<0. 05). 4) The comprehensive evaluation using entropy weight TOPSIS method showed that the quality of oat silage treated with GCLP2 was the best. In conclusion, the combination of 2% LE and LAB optimized oat silage quality, enhanced in vitro digestibility, and achieved the highest comprehensive score. It can provide a reference for the quality of oat silage feed in high-altitude areas of Qinghai.更多还原