【摘要】 南方土壤中磷主要以Fe-P和Al-P等形式存在，导致难以被植物直接吸收利用，因此提高磷、铁生物有效性始终是本领域的研究热点问题。本研究通过微生物及其分泌的铁载体，以小白菜为研究对象，设置6个处理：清水处理（以下简称CK）、产铁载体功能菌发酵液（以下简称Bac）、铁载体上清液（以下简称Bac. sid）、磷尾矿处理（以下简称PT）、产铁载体功能菌发酵液+磷尾矿（以下简称Bac+PT）、铁载体上清液+磷尾矿（以下简称Bac. sid+PT）。采用盆栽试验的方法，研究了其对于南方土壤磷、铁的活化效果以及复配磷尾矿后对土壤磷、铁及植物的生长影响。结果表明：1)Bac、Bac. sid、PT、Bac+PT、Bac. sid+PT处理相对于CK处理均提高了小白菜干重，其中铁载体复配磷尾矿处理提高小白菜干重效果最好，比对照增加38.9%(P<0.05);2)Bac、Bac. sid、PT、Bac+PT、Bac.sid+PT处理土壤有效铁显著增加（P<0.05），最高是产铁载体功能菌复配磷尾矿处理提高74.6%(P<0.05);3)Bac、Bac. sid、PT、Bac+PT、Bac. sid+PT处理土壤速效磷含量相对于CK处理均增加，最高是产铁载体功能菌复配磷尾矿处理提升3.04倍（P<0.05）。本研究表明利用微生物优势活化南方土壤难溶磷素及磷尾矿是有效的，微生物铁载体通过高效螯合铁的方式，释放磷或其他元素，从而满足植物生长对营养元素需求。本研究可为南方土壤磷素活化以及磷尾矿的开发利用提供新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Phosphorus in southern soil mainly exists in the form of Fe-P and Al-P, which makes it difficult for plants to directly absorb and utilize it. Therefore, improving the biological availability of phosphorus and iron has always been a hot research issue in this field. Through microorganisms and their secreted siderophores, this study took Chinese cabbage as the research object, and designed 6 treatments, which were water treatment(hereinafter referred to as CK), fermenting liquid of siderophore functional bacteria(hereinafter referred to as Bac), siderophore supernatant(hereinafter referred to as Bac. sid), phosphorus tailings treatment(hereinafter referred to as PT), siderophore functional bacteria fermentation solution +phosphorus tailings(hereinafter referred to as Bac+PT), siderophore supernatant + phosphorus tailings(hereinafter referred to as Bac. sid +PT). Pot experiment method was adopted to study the activation effects of phosphorus and iron on soil in southern China and the effects of compound phosphorus tailings on soil phosphorus, iron, and plant growth. The results showed as follows: 1) Bac, Bac. sid, PT, Bac+PT, and Bac. sid +PT treatments increased the dry weight and promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage compared with CK treatment, among which the treatment with siderophore combined with phosphorus tailings had the highest growth promotion effect, and increased the growth of plants by 38. 9%(P<0. 05); 2) Bac, Bac.sid, PT, Bac+PT, and Bac. sid+PT significantly increased soil available iron(P<0. 05), the highest was the siderophore functional bacteria combined with phosphorus tailings treatment, and it was increased by 74. 6%(P<0. 05); 3) The content of soil available phosphorus in Bac, Bac. sid, PT, Bac+PT and Bac. sid +PT treatments increased compared with CK treatment, and the highest was the siderophore functional bacteria combined with phosphorus tailings treatment and it was increased by 3. 04 times(P<0. 05). This study shows that untilizing microbial advantages is effective in activating refractory phosphorus and phosphorus tailings in southern soil. The microbial siderophores release phosphorus or other elements through efficient iron chelation to meet the nutrient requirements of plant growth. This study provides a new way for soil phosphorus activation and the exploitation and utilization of phosphorus tailings in southern China.更多还原