【摘要】 玉米地下害虫与玉米茎基腐病是制约我国玉米生产的重要病虫害，不同产区因生态条件差异呈现出独特的发生规律与危害特征。针对宁夏中南部地区的风沙土区（盐池县）与黄土区（海原县）两类典型生态区，系统梳理风沙土区与黄土区玉米地下害虫（蛴螬、地老虎、金针虫、蝼蛄等）与玉米茎基腐病的种类构成、危害特征及发生规律，通过整合多产区技术经验（黑龙江、吉林、宁夏等玉米主产区），结合农业防治、物理防治、化学防治及生物防治技术要点，通过田间试验验证“化学拌种+微生物滴灌”协同防控技术的有效性。结果表明：盐池县风沙土区采用48%溴氰虫酰胺+18%吡唑醚菌酯拌种配合微生物菌剂3号滴灌，对地下害虫防治效果为66.71%，对玉米茎基腐病的防治效果为56.58%，较对照增产8.84%；海原县黄土区采用同药剂组合配合微生物菌剂9号滴灌，对地下害虫的防治效果为82.07%，对玉米茎基腐病防治效果为67.51%，较对照增产11.16%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Corn underground pests and corn stem base rot are important disease and pests that restrict corn production in China. Different production areas show unique occurrence patterns and damage characteristics due to differences in ecological conditions. Focusing on two typical ecological areas in the central and southern regions of Ningxia, namely Yanchi County(sandy soil area) and Haiyuan County(loess area), based on the research results of the main cornproducing areas such as Heilongjiang, Jilin and Ningxia, a systematic review was conducted on the species composition, damage characteristics and occurrence patterns of underground corn pests(such as grubs, cutworms, wireworms, mole crickets, etc.) and corn stem base rot in sandy soil areas and loess soil areas. By integrating the technological experiences of multiple production areas(major corn production areas such as Heilongjiang, Jilin and Ningxia), and combining the key points of agricultural control, physical control, chemical control and biological control technologies, the effectiveness of the "chemical seed dressing + microbial drip irrigation" synergistic control technology was verified through field experiments. The results showed that in the sandy and windy soil area of Yanchi County, when 48% bromocyanamide +18% pyrazole ether was used for seed dressing combined with microbial agent No.3 drip irrigation, the control effect of underground pests reached 66.71%, the control effect of corn stem base rot reached 56.58%, and the yield increased by 8.84% compared with the control. In the loess area of Haiyuan County, by using a combination of the same pesticide and microbial agent No.9 for drip irrigation, the control effect of underground pests reached 82.07%, the control effect of corn stem base rot reached 67.51%, and the yield increased by 11.16%. The research provides technological support for the precise prevention and control of corn pests and diseases in the central and southern regions of Ningxia.更多还原